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Physical Activity And Nutrition During Pregnancy And After Childbirth
SEIDLOVÁ, Karolína
Bachelor thesis entitled Physical Activity and Nutrition during Pregnancy and after Childbirth examines women's preparation for pregnancy in the area of physical activity and nutrition. The thesis also finds out, how women ate and exercised during pregnancy and after giving birth. The bachelor thesis has two main aims. First, to find out the women's readiness for pregnancy in terms of nutrition and physical activity. It was found that informants I1, I6 and I10 changed their nutrition habits during pregnancy. Informants I2, I3, I4, I5, I7, I8 and I9 did not change their diet in their preparation for pregnancy. Regular exercise was included in preparation for pregnancy in informants I9, I10 and others and other women were found to engage in the same physical activities during pregnancy as before. The second aim was to observe women's diet and exercise during pregnancy and after giving birth. Based on the set goals, six research questions were created. The first research question deals with women's awareness of proper nutrition during pregnancy. The results of the research showed that all women were correctly informed about the importance of a varied and balanced diet in pregnancy with a rich representation of fruits and vegetables. Informants were also able to mention foodstuff that should be avoided during pregnancy. The most often, they mentioned blue cheeses, imperfectly cooked meat and raw eggs. The second research question examined women's awareness of physical activities during pregnancy. The survey has proved that informants had, in most cases, adequate knowledge of this issue. As the most suitable activity, most often they mentioned walking or swimming. Others mentioned yoga and pelvic floor strengthening. The third research question examined how women are informed about proper diet in the postpartum period. However, the informants did not agree on the ratio of the varied and balanced diet. On the other hand, all the informants have been properly informed about the types of food that can cause bloating during the breastfeeding period. The fourth research question analysed the extent, to which mothers were informed about physical activity in the postpartum period. The answers showed that women consider walking, pelvic strengthening or yoga to be the most suitable activities. However, some of the women did not agree. It was mainly an opinion on strengthening the abdominal muscles, swimming or running activities, where some women perceived these activities as appropriate while others not. The fifth research question has brought answers to the changes in the eating habits of women during pregnancy. It was found, that the informants changed their nutrition for the better. All the women followed a regular diet during pregnancy. Informants I1, I3, I6 and I8 even eliminated some foodstuff, especially fat or raw meat, blue cheese, raw eggs or sausages. Sixth research question aimed to determine the change in eating habits after childbirth. It was found, that all women in the postpartum period who breastfeed their child have excluded foods that cause bloating from their diets. Informants I7 and I3 also completely eliminated the consumption of exotic fruits. This thesis points out the importance of proper nutrition and regular physical activity during pregnancy and postpartum period too. The above information also shows the fact that part of the work of a midwife in prenatal care is, among other things, education about proper lifestyle, including proper nutrition and physical activity. The results of the bachelor thesis can have a major benefit for the profession of midwives in order to improve and enhance the education of prenatal care. The processed data can be published at professional conferences for midwives. The research output is an information leaflet, which describes how to eat properly during pregnancy and after giving birth, and what physical activity to choose during this period.
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