|
|
Precipitation and water runoff in the catchment with mosaic of arable land, forests and built-up areas
SCHWARZOVÁ, Monika
This thesis examines the influence of land cover and land use on rainfall-runoff patterns in small catchments. The literature review presented the rainfall-runoff process in general, runoff and the factors that influence runoff. In the practical part of the thesis, the different months of the 2018 study period were presented and converted into graphical form and the differences in rainfall-runoff ratios for two delineated small catchments with significantly different landscape cover were discussed. Specific surface water runoff from catchments with purely forest cover and catchments with a mosaic of cropland, forest, grassland and built-up areas were compared. Runoff responses to rainfall events were also monitored. Measurements of water level in the watercourse with an ultrasonic water level sensor and measurements of water velocity in the watercourse with a hydrometric propeller were used to calculate specific runoff rates. A boat rain gauge was used to measure precipitation. The results showed that the specific runoff from watersheds with forest cover is generally lower and slower due to interception and increased surface roughness compared to runoff from watersheds with a mosaic of cropland, forest, grassland and developed areas. Forest cover in the catchment reduces and slows runoff, particularly during shortterm significant rainfall episodes, and helps to maintain stable runoff from the landscape during drought episodes. In general, the results indicate the importance of vegetation in the landscape for its hydrological characteristics. Finally, modifications to improve the conditions in these small catchments were suggested.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.