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Specialist public awareness of the tuberculosis vaccination
Ročková, Marcela ; Konečná, Klára (advisor) ; Rathouská, Jana (referee)
Discussions about vaccination against tuberculosis with BCG vaccine have been led for many years. The BCG vaccination belongs among the most controversial vaccinations at all, because the vaccine isn't very effective and its' application is also accompanied by a high incidence of complications. All these facts, with regard to the fact that the incidence of TBC in the Czech Republic is one of the lowest in Europe, have led to revaluation of the meaning about this vaccination and inicially it resulted in cancellation of revaccination for children of two and eleven years of age and afterwards in complete vaccination abolishment for children and newborns. The goal of this work was a finding, which attitudes towards vaccination against tuberculosis doctors advocate. I achieved this through the method using the questionnaire study on this topic. 489 respondents answered six simple questions focused on the issue of the BCG vaccination. Many results were surprising. 39 doctors didn't know, that the complete vaccination for children and newborns was abolished and 257 doctors disagreed with this decision. 296 doctors considered the declining incidence of tuberculosis as a reason, why the complete vaccination was cancelled. 476 doctors had a meaning, that it is necessary to continue with vaccination of...
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Tuberculosis
Ročková, Marcela ; Křivčíková, Lucie (advisor) ; Lesná, Jiřina (referee)
Tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease that affects mainly the lungs but it can also affect any other organ. All the cases of tuberculosis are caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex including M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. bovis BCG and M. africanum. Mycobacteria are strictly aerobe and highly resistant bacteria, which, due to the long generation time of very slow growth, are difficult to diagnose. Their source is only the person with tuberculosis, rarely an infected animal. Tuberculosis is a long-term illness. Frequently the mycobacterial infection becomes chronic or latent, posing a risk of reactivation throughout life. Vaccination used to be a preventive measure against tuberculosis for several years, but nowadays, it's aimed only at risky patients. Treatment of tuberculosis consists of a combination of several different antitubercular medicines. Incidence of tuberculosis is steadily decreasing, especially in the developed countries. In developing countries, however, the incidence of this disease is still considerable, so there remains a serious health problem. Key words: tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, TBC, BCG- vaccination.
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