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Physiotherapy in patients after fracture of the ankle joint
ROKŮSKOVÁ, Pavla
This Bachelor?s thesis deals with the theme of physiotherapy of patiens with a fractured ankle joints. An injury of ankle joint is one of many kinds of musculoskeletal injuries. As a result of an injury in this area appears a pathological situation for human organism which results in changes of local and distant parts of human body. Among important local problems of the physiotherapy treatment belong pain, swelling, limited mobility of the surrounding tissue and malfunction of muscles. The main role of physiotherapy is an elimination of local problems and a restoration of the proper function of ankle joints. Then the techniques of physiotherapy aim to the reeducation of walking and to avoid any incorrect movement streotypes and compensatory mechanisms. Therefore this therapy does not focused only on the ankle joint itself, but contains whole postural function of muscles in the whole human body. In the theoretical part of this thesis I describe the anatomy of human feet and ankle joints, the kinesiology of ankle joint and the biomechanism of human walking. Then etiology, diagnostics , treatment and complications of traumas of the ankle joint are mentioned. As an individual chapter there are therapeutic guidelines used at the time during healing, and of course, after healing of the fractures. In the research part of this thesis the qualitative method of research was used. This chapter was prepared as a list of case reports, which contain case history, initial examination, design and description of the therapy, final examination and long term physiotherapeutic plan. The utilized techniques for collecting data were interview and observation. The researched group consisted of two patients with diagnosed fracture of the ankle joint. These patients were selected from two ambulatory departments. One of the department is part of the Nemocnice Ceske Budejovice, a.s., and the other is part of Centrum lecebne rehabilitace Marie Kotrbove, s.r.o. Total duration of therapy was four weeks in both cases. At the beginning of therapy these patients were informed about the procedure the goal of therapy. The goal of this thesis was using theoretical and practical knowledge gained during studying of physiotherapy for the most effective treatment of patients. The first goal was to introduce complete knowledge of kinesiology and physiotherapy of the fractures of ankle joints. This part was achieved in the theoretical chapter of my thesis. The second goal was describing the possibilities of the therapeutic care and the following practical effectinevess. At the beginning of the study the question was set: Are the recommended methods of physiotherapy of patiens with fractured ankle joints effective?. The progress and outcome of therapy was judged in conservative treated cases as well as surgical treated cases of fractured ankle joints. In the conservative treated fracture the terapy was effective, swelling has been gone, the muscle strenght increased and the motion range extended. In the surgical treated case terapeutic progress was slowed down. But even there after the complex physiotherapy treatment success was achieved. Maximum level of all functions will be matter of further therapy. The results of research part has shown, the proper terapeutic methods were chosen. The results of this thesis will be provided to the whole physioterapic community. Benefit in clinical practice is in present processing and pointing out all possibilities of local and complex therapy of fractures in the area of ankle joint.
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