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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Particle acceleration and magnetic-field amplification in the termination shocks of AGN jets
 Pulnova, Yelyzaveta ; Araudo, Anabella Teresa (advisor) ; Calderón Espinoza, Diego Nicolas (referee)
The origin of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) is still an open question in Astrophysics. The scope of this thesis is the study of the termination shocks in the jets of radiogalaxies 3C 105, 3C 227, and 3C 445 as cosmic rays accelerators. We assume the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) and that the maximum energy is determined by the escape of cosmic rays downstream of the shock due to the magnetization. We find maximum achievable energy of non-thermal electrons and protons, which appeared to be only~TeV. Therefore the reverse shocks of AGNs' jets are not the sources of UHECRs. We also implement the model, where the scattering centers for the DSA emerge from the non- resonant hybrid instabilities in plasma. We take into account the results from the numerical simulations and observations that indicate the amplification of the magnetic field by orders of magnitude, and we obtain results that qualitatively fit the simulation outcome.
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Standard and alternative cosmological models
 Pulnova, Yelyzaveta ; Acquaviva, Giovanni (advisor) ; Žofka, Martin (referee)
The main aim of this thesis is the study of the dependence of the scale factor on the cosmic time for different models of Universe's evolution in the framework of the general theory of relativity. In this thesis we consider the FLRW metric and admit nonzero curvature. The models we consider differ from each other by the equation of state of the source, hence by the composition of the cosmic fluid under study. In this thesis the following models are discussed: ΛCDM (we consider a perfect cosmic fluid consisting of the incoherent dust, radiation and a cosmological constant in a curved space-time), generalized Chaplygin gas, and, also, two kinds of the scalar field (describing separately power-law inflation and the period after recombination). The numerical and analytical results obtained are processed graphically. 1
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1 Pulnova, Y.
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