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Optimalizace termínu setí ozimé pšenice
Petříček, Rudolf
The bachelor's thesis deals with the optimization of the sowing date of winter wheat in the agricultural enterprise Agrodružstvo Blížkovice. The work contains basic information about the cultivation of winter wheat and its requirements for temperature, soil, inclusion in the sowing process, and describes the agricultural techniques in the establishment of stands. The practical part deals with the comparison of the real date of sowing with the date set by the program for the calculation of the optimal date of establishment of winter wheat stands on land according to the prevailing values of rated soil ecological units. This comparison was made in three years (2018, 2019 and 2020), on areas of 1472-1864 ha. The deadlines for the end of winter wheat vegetation and the basic sowing dates for the four growth phases (BBCH 27, 25. 23, 14) before the onset of winter, which are part of the calculation algorithms of the program used, were verified. It has been found that the growth phase of BBCH 25 before the onset of winter, which is usually recommended as a suitable strategy for optimizing wheat growing technology, can be achieved under given conditions when sowing in the third decade of September. The sowing of these areas of winter wheat was spread over six weeks, beginning in the first decade of September and ending in the second decade of October. Area seeding performances were influenced by the course of the weather in individual years, by the pre-crops of the winter warbler and by the availability of mechanization means.
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