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Realizace programu uchování přeštického černostrakatého plemene prasat
PROVAZNÍKOVÁ, Alena
The aim of the thesis was to capture trends in population of Prestice Black Pied breed. In the literature section there was described formation and regeneration of breed characteristics and typical features of Prestice Black Pied breed, breed performance, the structure of the breeding base and the expected utilization and marketing. In own work there were described changes in the breeding base, which were in western Bohemia and moved to other places in the country. The largest companies that breed Prestice Black Pied breed are the ZD Mladotice and Žihelský statek SpA, located in the Plzeň region and Zemet Ltd. Tečovice, based in Zlin region and Chovservis Inc. Radostov breeding, based in Hradec Kralove region. In 2013 it was bred 348 sows, in 2014 404 sows, 2015 sows and 413 in 2016, 369 sows. Furthermore, the age structure was evaluated in basic herd of sows. The farmers had the most sows in the first and second litter, compared to that of the fifth litter sows had a few breeders. The requirement for longevity therefore not been complied with. The results of performance tests were evaluated reproductive performance of sows of basic herd in collections (the number of all born piglets, the number of live born piglets, the number of surviving piglets and milkiness). The average value of a breeding population did not meet the target. Some companies, however, had excellent results, especially ZD Mladotice and Zemet Ltd. Tečovice. In field tests were evaluated gain, the percentage of lean meat and backfat thickness. Breeding goal was achieved with values backfat thickness and percentage of lean meat. Gilts had lower gain than required by breeding goal. The gain for young boars has been in 2013 and 2016 higher than the required target and breeding in 2014 and 2015 below the required target. There were also evaluated linear track sires in breeding. It was found that, of the 10 extant lines has long represented the biggest line Wiskont and least represented of the Sudet line. The entire work was focused on monitoring results of individual breeders and their comparison with the breeding goal for Prestice Black Pied breed. Furthermore, the evaluation of the quality of semen of boars Prestice Black Pied breed, operating in the artificial insemination center in Kout Na Šumavě. All boars met the minimum parameters.
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Reproduction as an intensifying factor in the breed of pigs
PROVAZNÍKOVÁ, Alena
The aim of this work was to discover weak points and their impacts on breeding of pigs. It consequently suggests a successful management of company in the field of reproduction and nutrition of pigs. The work is focused on basic physiological and technological assumptions about reproduction of pigs and it deals with the oestrus, ovulation, classifying gilts for breeding, the onset of estrus after weaning piglets, the usage of natural methods and controlled reproduction, the usage of wet nurses sows systems, artificial insemination and current physiology of the reproductive cycle of the sow. A separate chapter of the work is focused on the nutrition and feeding of individual categories of pigs intended for reproduction (breeding boars, gilts, dimpling, pregnant and lactating sows) because nutrition has a huge impact on the breeding. Another chapter discusses about technological conditions and it deals with the diet of pigs as well as with the stable environment which is mentioned mainly from a technological point of view. The final part of the work is devoted with the development of reproduction during the last period and it concludes recommendations in the practical usage, mainly in the field of reproduction and rearing piglets.
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