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Porovnání vlivu lupiny bílé a lupiny úzkolisté v krmné směsi na užitkovost a zdravotní stav brojlerových králíků
PŘÍDOVÁ, Lenka
It has been proven that white lupine seeds (WLS) is a suitable crude protein (CP) source for growing-fattening rabbits, as well as for the lactating rabbit does. There are no reports, however, in the literature regarding the effect of blue lupine seeds (BLS) on rabbit doe milk production and composition as well as the growth of their litters. Therefore, the aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the effect of lactation and weaning diets based on BLS (Lupinus angustifolius cv Probor) on milk yield and milk composition of the rabbit does, as well as on growth performance and carcass quality of their progeny. Two lactation diets (LLB and LLU, having identical DP/DE ratio) and two weaning diets (VLB and VLU, having identical DP/DE ratio) were formulated. The LLB diet (control) contained WLS (25.0%) as the main CP sources, whereas the LLU diet was based on BLS (28.5%). As a result, the LLB diet had slightly greater ether extract content than did the LLU diet. The VLB diet (control) included WLS (12.0%) as the main CP source, whereas the VLU diet was based on BLS (15.0%). No additional fat was added to any of the diets. A total of 32 Hyplus rabbit does (16 animals per treatment; at the 3rd parturition) were fed 1 of the 2 lactation diets during the entire lactation (35 days). Does were housed in modified cages which allowed controlled suckling (once a day at 7 am) and separate access of does and their litters to feed. Feed intake and milk yield were measured daily during the entire lactation period, whereas litter weight was measured every 7 d. Milk yield was measured by weighing the rabbit does immediately before and after suckling. Five does of each group were used to evaluate milk composition. Milk was collected manually at d 21 of lactation. The litters were standardized to 9 kits on the day of birth. Litters were offered weaning diets with the same CP source as in the lactation diet of their mothers from d 17 to 80 of age. At d 37 of age (weaning), 99 rabbits on each weaning diet were used to evaluate growth performance and health. Feed intake, feed efficiency and milk production of does (on average 263 g/d) were not affected by dietary treatments, as well as milk efficiency (on average 0.59) and the growth of their litters (on average 30.4 g/d per rabbit). Live weight at weaning (P=0.005), milk dry matter (P=0.028) and fat contents (P=0.016), as well as fat output per kg of metabolic weight (P<0.001) were higher in does fed the WLS diet. After weaning, final live weight (by 168 g; P=0.061), average daily weight gain (by 3 g/d; P=0,024) and carcass weights were lower in rabbits fed the diet based on BLS than in those fed with the WLS diet. The number of ill + dead rabbits caused by digestive disease was lower (23 rabbits vs. 38 rabbits; P=0.042) in rabbits fed the diet based on WLS. The results of the diploma thesis confirmed that WLS is a suitable CP source for the rabbit diets. Negative findings such as a higher mobilisation of body reserves of does in the later phase of lactation, as well as the lower final live weight and the higher sanitary risk index of rabbits fed the diets based on blue lupine seeds suggest difference between lupine species in terms of feed efficiency. These findings should be elucidated and confirmed by the comparing with other blue lupine varieties.
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Effect of milk composition and a dietary crude protein source on an increasing of resistance of growing-fattening rabbits to digestive disorders
PŘÍDOVÁ, Lenka
Recent findings showed that white lupine is a suitable alternative source of crude protein for feed mixtures of broiler rabbits. It was found that white lupine can completely replace the hitherto commonly used soybean meal , which in higher concentrations assigns a negative impact on the health of the gastrointestinal tract. For fattening rabbits are therefore all white lupine seeds suitable source of nitrogen compounds . White lupine seeds are also an important source of fat with a favorable profile and fatty acid composition . In further experiments it was found that the addition of white lupine into lactation diet rabbits significantly increased daily milk production and milk fat , which significantly reduces the amount of saturates and significantly increases the percentages of oleic acid , linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Such milk nutrition rabbits, along with the use fattening mixtures from 17 days of age also contains white lupine , significantly reduce the health risk index rabbits in the first weeks after weaning. It is however clear whether the favorable health condition of weaned rabbits was due to higher acid content of EPA in milk, which are attributed to the organism significant physiological and immune function, or has a better state of health due to the fact that the rabbits received fattening diet containing white lupine , compared with rabbits receiving the diet with soy extracted scrap. Compared to soy white lupine also has a higher content of oligosaccharides rafinosové series , which is attributed to the prebiotic effect . The addition of white lupine in fattening mixtures may favorably affect the fermentation microflora activity appendicitis rabbits , thereby increasing the resistance of weaned rabbits digestive disorders . From the foregoing it is clear that there are many unclear issues that need to explain the experimentally .
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