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Aftercare of patients with brain damage
OLIVOVÁ, Tereza
This thesis is focused on the problematics of aftercare in patients with brain damage. The thesis has an informative character and its aim is to introduce the problematics to the readers and give them valuable advices. This topic has come to the fore of the interest of the professional and general public especially in recent years. Partly because numbers of brain damage especially those of the traumas are increasing, but also because of the development of acute medicine, which is nowadays at a very high level, there is an increase in the number of patients who survive brain damage. However, the problem is a large quantity of these patients have permanent consequences, and they and their closest neighbors have to deal with. These permanent consequences are manifested as cognitive impairment, impairment of sensory functions, physical disability and changes in behavior and emotions. Following care in patients with brain damage is a major problem in our country. We see the problem especially in the continuity and availability of care for locally available services and rehabilitation care for these individuals. The continuity of care after the patient is released from the acute bed is very low and sometimes chaotic. To obtain the necessary informations for thesis and to achieve the goals, it was necessary to study a large amount of professional literature. Used sources are specialized Czech and foreign literature, professional journals and articles searched in professional databases. This thesis should show the possible problems of patient aftercare with brain damage. The results of the thesis can be used as a subsidy to professional conferences, seminars or courses to deal with the issue. The thesis could increase public interest about this topic.
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The occurence of pharmaceuticals in the environment II.
Olivová, Tereza ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor) ; Sklenářová, Hana (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Tereza Olivová Supervisor: RNDr. Jitka Vytlačilová, Ph.D Title of diploma thesis: The occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the environment II. Pharmaceuticals are biologically active substances used for treatment or prevention of human and animal diseases. Some of these substances remain active even after being excreted from an organism and they can enter the environment. The residues of pharmaceuticals are present not only in rivers, but also in sea, groundwater and in soil, into which the contaminated water and manure are applied. The concentration of pharmaceuticals in water and in soil differ from place to place (it is higher e. g. in close proximity of sewage treatment plants) and from season to season (it depends on levels of precipitations and sunshine). Nowadays, thanks to sensitive analytical methods it is not a problem to detect these xenobiotics even in very small amounts, in which they usually occur in nature (usually in order of units or tens of ng/l or ng/g). However, even these low concentrations might have a negative impact on the life of non-target organisms (e. g. reproduction disorders) and therefore, the calculations, which measure the lever of risk of particular...
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Aspects of dying and death in selected world religions
OLIVOVÁ, Tereza
Dying, death and burial of dead people, those are integral parts of each one´s life. However, despite this fact, the death and everything connected to it is understood by the society as something negative or taboo. Dying, which can take different time, is the last stage of one´s life. Death means the end of an organism, and it must always be stated by a doctor. Nowadays, the death moved from a home to an institution. That is the reason why it is nowadays said to much about the medicalization of death and depersonalization of dying people. Especially in recent years, the phenomenon of taboo of death, which is defined as a lack of basic knowledge in carrying out effective nursing care for the dying, is getting forward. Accordingly to fact that the death and dying is an everyday part of the nursing profession, nurses must have lots of knowledge and skill prerequisites for providing a succesful performance in their nursing career. It is necessary for a nurse, to provide a culturally competent care and if so, he or she must recognize not only the cultural profile of the patient, but also his or her own attitudes, values, heritage, cultural behavior and recognition of specifics in terms of similarites and differences between the minority and majority. In the Czech Republic there live 10,436,560 inhabitants, being part of 23 different nationalities and within this population, there is 2,168,952 people which are believers. At the time of an evolving globalization-unifying the society it is required to have the knowledge of cultural specificities and differences in connection with dying, death and transcultural nursing. My bachelor thesis named Aspects of dying and death in selected world religions, is based only on theoretical background and it tries to describe individual differences which are obvious in selected world religions, namely Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Buddhism, focusing on the final stage of a human life in the formo f dying, death and burial. This work is supposed to have an informative character. The goal, while making this paper, was to provide the reader with a basic picture of four world religions and their attitude in the case of death and dying patients from different cultures and different religious beliefs, than our general society has. A big part of my analysis is a description of a situation, where cultural destructiveness, disability or blindness may occur, thanks to the not-knowing of cultural specificities of the patient, while providing the transcultural nursing care. To obtain the information conserning the current state of knowledge that is described on the following pages of this work, it was necessary to study a large number of bibliographic documents both from Czech, as well as from foreign experts who deal with dying and death and religion itself. Other important sources for this work were professional journals, including the magazine Contact, which is published by the fakulty of Health and Social Care, with the University of South Bohemia, which describes the latest findings, regarding nursing topics so they are related to the topic of this thesis. With the help of operationalization of key words, for searching i used the PudMed professional databases Scopus and EBSCO. This thesis should be enought to explain the differences that are evident in various religions, and thus enable to navigate better in the topic of transcultural nursing at the time of death and dying. The work could also increase the interest of individuals in these phenomenom. The results obtained can be used as a background material for teaching of nursing subjects or for example, as a contribution for seminars, courses and conferences dealing with this issue.
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