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Vliv různých systémů ustájení v období porodu na mateřské chování masných krav
NABYTÁ, Michaela
The aim of this thesis was to conduct the ethological observation of the meat cows´ maternal behaviour in the period of calving. The observation was realized on the farm with utility breeding of meat cows Milná at an altitude of 800 m, where two herds (A, B) of 20 heads were formed. In herd A, there were horned crossbred cows of Masný Simentál breed that were placed on the pastures, including 20 ha winter rally, year-round. In herd B, there were also the crossbred cows of Masný Simentál breed that were stabled in the empty reconstructed shed organized in boxes during the wintertime. In herd A, 55% of cows calved during the daylight. The biggest incidence of parturitions was registered from 6:30 to 8:30 am (36 %). 65 % of cows calved out of the herd in the distance from 200 m to 450 m. The first suction at 90% of calves happened without the keeper´s assistance. Among the stabled cows, only 25 % of them calved during the daylight, mainly from 7:00 to 8:00 am. 50% of cows calved in the corridor. The first suction without the keeper´s assistance occurred at 85 % of calves. Placement of meat cows into the shed during winter proved to be suitable due to better care of both the cow and the calf. Cows winter in better climatic conditions that can, for example, positively influence their longevity. Devastation of the winter rally lands decreases markedly.
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Czech red cattle breeding in the suckler
NABYTÁ, Michaela
Bachelor's thesis is focused on the comparison of the economics of Czech Red cattle (School Agriculture Company Haklovy Dvory) suckler herd with selected beef breeds (Aberdeen Angus and Limousine). Companies with identical and comparable rearing conditions natural breeding, systematical using of pasture possibilities, carrying out meat performance recordings, batch calf rearing and similar sea level etc., were compared. Main product of these companies is feeder cattle. Two factors affect realization of feeder cattle. The first one is its weight and second one is price per kilogram of live weight. It was found, that average daily gain was 1109 g and average weight 240 kg (210 days) of Czech Red cattle calves. In contrast, beef breed Aberdeen Angus reached 1402 g (P 0.001) average daily gain and weight of 308 kg in 210 days (P 0.001). Beef breed Limousine reached 1303 g average daily gain (P 0.01) and average weight of 301 kg in same age (P 0.001). The average price of Czech Red feeder cattle was around 50 Kč per kilogram, price of Aberdeen angus feeder cattle was 63-68 Kč per kilogram and price of Limousine feeder cattle was 73-83 Kč per kilogram of live weight. The differences were calculated in final prices and the subsidies (4,000 Kč per heifer) were taken into account. According to this calculation rearing of Czech Red cattle and production of feeder cattle is still having a worse economic outcome (in average 4,145 Kč (Aberdeen Angus) and 6,401 Kč (Limousine) respectively), than beef breed as a result of lower daily weight gain and also lower price.
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