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Embryotoxicity testing of psychopharmacs using the CHEST method
Pavlovič, Ondřej ; Peterka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Maňáková, Eva (referee)
Psychotropic drugs are commonly used group of pharmaceuticals, their main effect is to alter psychic condition, including mental diseases treatment. Symptoms of mental illnesses are more and more common, theref orenumber of patients diagnosed with mental illnes, and thus using psychotropics, is growing stronger. But using psychotropics during gestation is not without risks for mother and embryo itself. However, thanks to the absence of controlled human studies, the knowledge of emrbyotoxic effects of pschotropics is limited to casuistics, reported side effects and animal experimental studies. Many of those studies suggests emrbyotoxic potential of psychotropic drugs, on the other hand, others claim their safety. The goal of this thesis is to test at least some of them, using CHEST method, that allows us to observe direct effect of unmetabolized substance on chick embryo. In this thesis we tested selected psychotropics, very common antidepressant fluoxetine (prozac) and antipsychotic drug olanzapine, for embryotoxicity, using in ovo method CHEST with chick embryos as model organism. By bypassing the maternal organism and his metabolism, this method allows to observe direct effect of unmetabolized substance on chick embryo. Results revealed embryotoxic effect of fluoxetin in dosage 10-2 and 10-3 on 3rd and...
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New psychotropic drugs and their effect on developing embryo
Košťalová, Jana ; Maňáková, Eva (advisor)
In my diploma thesis, I researched the effect of mirtazapine on a developing embryo. Nowadays, new drugs are being developed and used for the treatment of depression. These drugs also include mirtazapine. The risk of using mirtazapine during pregnancy has not been documented yet and therefore it can not be used by pregnant women. These drugs are often very effective and well tolerated so it is very important to recognize the effect on a developing embryo. In our research, we used the method of CHEST (chick embryotoxicity screening test). We applied a dose of mirtazapine solution dissolved in DMSO to 4-day old chickens. The doses were 0.2µg, 0.15µg, 0.1µg, 0.05µg, 0.03µg in 3µl of the solution. As controls, we applied 3µl DMSO and 3µl destilled water. Embryos were being incubated for 5 days in an incubator and on the 9th day, we evaluated dead and malformed embryos and the spectrum of defects. From our observations, we have obtained the lethal dose, which was above 0.15µg and the dose that was equivalent to the LD50 - 0.05µg. Lower doses were safe, although these embryos were malformed. These malformations, however, were not statistically significantly different from the malformations occurring in controls. It is neccessary to continue and complete data for 2 -and 3-day old embryos, so that we cover all...
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Embryotoxicity testing of psychopharmacs using the CHEST method
Pavlovič, Ondřej ; Peterka, Miroslav (advisor) ; Maňáková, Eva (referee)
Psychotropic drugs are commonly used group of pharmaceuticals, their main effect is to alter psychic condition, including mental diseases treatment. Symptoms of mental illnesses are more and more common, theref orenumber of patients diagnosed with mental illnes, and thus using psychotropics, is growing stronger. But using psychotropics during gestation is not without risks for mother and embryo itself. However, thanks to the absence of controlled human studies, the knowledge of emrbyotoxic effects of pschotropics is limited to casuistics, reported side effects and animal experimental studies. Many of those studies suggests emrbyotoxic potential of psychotropic drugs, on the other hand, others claim their safety. The goal of this thesis is to test at least some of them, using CHEST method, that allows us to observe direct effect of unmetabolized substance on chick embryo. In this thesis we tested selected psychotropics, very common antidepressant fluoxetine (prozac) and antipsychotic drug olanzapine, for embryotoxicity, using in ovo method CHEST with chick embryos as model organism. By bypassing the maternal organism and his metabolism, this method allows to observe direct effect of unmetabolized substance on chick embryo. Results revealed embryotoxic effect of fluoxetin in dosage 10-2 and 10-3 on 3rd and...
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Chick Embryo as a Model for the Study of Pancreas during Normal and Experimental Conditions
Maňáková, Eva ; Jelínek, Richard (advisor) ; Peterka, Miroslav (referee) ; Zemanová, Zdeňka (referee)
The aim was to describe changes in the volume of endocrine cells during pancreas development, try to estimate the proliferative activity and ultrastructural characterize cells that are responsible for the growth of pancreatic tissue during the prenatal period. Using chicken embryo represents a simple model on which it would be possible to evaluate the results of the experimental effect of external influences (teratogen) on the development of the pancreas. It allows simplification of the experimental conditions simulating ex. diabetes mothers. The aim was to demonstrate that the trend growth of endocrine tissue in both models (mammal, bird) is like and therefore this model can be used even if metabolism of birds differs from mammals.
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New psychotropic drugs and their effect on developing embryo
Košťalová, Jana ; Maňáková, Eva (advisor)
In my diploma thesis, I researched the effect of mirtazapine on a developing embryo. Nowadays, new drugs are being developed and used for the treatment of depression. These drugs also include mirtazapine. The risk of using mirtazapine during pregnancy has not been documented yet and therefore it can not be used by pregnant women. These drugs are often very effective and well tolerated so it is very important to recognize the effect on a developing embryo. In our research, we used the method of CHEST (chick embryotoxicity screening test). We applied a dose of mirtazapine solution dissolved in DMSO to 4-day old chickens. The doses were 0.2µg, 0.15µg, 0.1µg, 0.05µg, 0.03µg in 3µl of the solution. As controls, we applied 3µl DMSO and 3µl destilled water. Embryos were being incubated for 5 days in an incubator and on the 9th day, we evaluated dead and malformed embryos and the spectrum of defects. From our observations, we have obtained the lethal dose, which was above 0.15µg and the dose that was equivalent to the LD50 - 0.05µg. Lower doses were safe, although these embryos were malformed. These malformations, however, were not statistically significantly different from the malformations occurring in controls. It is neccessary to continue and complete data for 2 -and 3-day old embryos, so that we cover all...
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