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The use of educational materials in the prevention of cardiovaskular diseases.
MOTYČÁKOVÁ, Barbora
Heart and vascular diseases represent one of the most common causes of death in the world and also in the Czech Republic. Early prevention is a necessary intervention to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease. An effective intervention can be an educational activity led by a nurse or a doctor using educational materials. The aim of this work was to find out how education is taking place in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, what is the use of educational materials and how patients themselves are aware of cardiovascular diseases. To achieve the survey research we have chosen a qualitative approach with the possibility of semi-structured interviews and observation. Interviews were carried out with doctors, nurses and patients from specialist ambulances and general practitioners for adults in the South Bohemian region. Observations continued in the cardiology clinic of the Písek hospital. The results of the research point to the fact that education in the prevention of cardiovascular disease is carried out mainly by physicians. Nurses do not particularly educate for the lack of time and lack of knowledge. As regards the use of educational materials, it has been found that many of the respondents do not particularly consider them as important. This was also confirmed in the observation, where we found out that no educational material was offered or recommended to anyone and there was no demand from the patients themselves or their family members. Since the education was not the first time, it is likely that educational materials were issued or recommended to patients at the first visit. Furthermore, the research showed that patients´ awareness of cardiovascular disease is not very high, but on the other hand they have proved a fairly good knowledge of preventive behaviour. The results of this work point to some shortcomings in the field of education in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Our research indicates insufficient education by nurses and inefficient use of educational materials. However, they also point out that doctors themselves have an interest in getting nurses more actively involved in education, even if they are aware of certain limits. These results can serve as an a stimulus for the management of healthcare facilities and for those involved in nursing training.
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