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Diversity of Blastocystis (Stramenopiles) in reptiles and arthropods
Lorencová, Markéta ; Čepička, Ivan (advisor) ; Jirků, Kateřina (referee)
The genus Blastocystis has recently attracted the attention of scientists, especially parasitologists. Similarly to the related opalines and proteromonads, Blastocystis is anaerobic and lives endobiotically in the intestine of various animals. This organism is also often found in humans, where it is associated with irritable bowel syndrome, though its pathogenic potential remains uncertain. The genus Blastocystis is remarkable for its rich genetic diversity. The taxonomy of Blastocystis is inconsistent and problematic. The strains isolated from homoiothermic vertebrates are divided into 17 subtypes, while strains from poikilotherms are either classified as separate species or are not considered in taxonomic studies at all. The aim of the study was to further examine the genetic diversity of the genus Blastocystis. We determined SSU rDNA sequences of 38 strains isolated from poikilothermic vertebrates and arthropods. The results of our phylogenetic analysis showed that Blastocystis is considerably diverse in these hosts, and we defined 21 new subtypes. The total number of known subtypes of Blastocystis has thus increased to 38. We also examined light-microscopical morphology of some strains. Most of the newly defined subtypes show identical morphology, ST20 (Blastocystis geocheloni) is an exception,...
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Worksheets for terrain lessons of geomorphological topics in geography at higher grades of grammar schools
Lorencová, Markéta ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee)
This diploma thesis discusses the status of fieldwork from geomorphological topics of geography on Czech grammar schools. It was necessary to place geomorphological topics in the geographical curriculum of the Czech education. The Czech Framework Education Programme for grammar schools was analysed as well as the School Education Programmes from 20 randomly picked grammar schools across the country. A constructed questionnaire was filled in by teachers of grammar school Gymnázium, Nad Štolou 1, Praha 7. Thanks to this questionnaire the implemented curriculum of geomorphological topics on this school was assessed. The most appropriate approaches and forms of fieldwork were determined by the research of literature. These approaches were applied while creating new worksheets for fieldworks from geomorphological topics. One of these worksheets as well as the fieldwork were realized with students of Gymnázium, Nad Štolou 1, Praha 7. Participating students evaluated the fieldwork through a given questionnaire. Its results were later compared and discussed with literature and Czech curricular documents. key words: fieldwork, worksheet, active forms of learning, geomorphology
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Worksheets for terrain lessons of geomorphological topics in geography at higher grades of grammar schools
Lorencová, Markéta ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Šobr, Miroslav (referee)
This diploma thesis discusses the status of fieldwork from geomorphological topics of geography on Czech grammar schools. It was necessary to place geomorphological topics in the geographical curriculum of the Czech education. The Czech Framework Education Programme for grammar schools was analysed as well as the School Education Programmes from 20 randomly picked grammar schools across the country. A constructed questionnaire was filled in by teachers of grammar school Gymnázium, Nad Štolou 1, Praha 7. Thanks to this questionnaire the implemented curriculum of geomorphological topics on this school was assessed. The most appropriate approaches and forms of fieldwork were determined by the research of literature. These approaches were applied while creating new worksheets for fieldworks from geomorphological topics. One of these worksheets as well as the fieldwork were realized with students of Gymnázium, Nad Štolou 1, Praha 7. Participating students evaluated the fieldwork through a given questionnaire. Its results were later compared and discussed with literature and Czech curricular documents. key words: fieldwork, worksheet, active forms of learning, geomorphology
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Methodology approaches to worksheets design for field teaching of geomorphology
Lorencová, Markéta ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Romportl, Dušan (referee)
Methodological approaches to worksheets designed for field teaching of geomorphology Abstract The purpose of this work was to determine whether there are rules and relations when it comes to the methodological approaches to worksheets created for fieldwork in natural sciences. Another object was to analyze the potential of Prague for geomorphological fieldwork. 101 worksheets from natural sciences were analyzed in various categories, based on the research of literature. The data was processed even further with the use of statistics. Interesting geomorphological sights in Prague and their potential for fieldwork were defined after the research of scientific literature. The analysis has shown that those not designed for the use during fieldwork were more diverse than those designed for the use during fieldwork. Worksheets used during fieldwork were found to be more homogenic from the perspective of length, number of questions and the participation of components used in the worksheet. Several locations suitable for geomorphological...
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Diversity of Blastocystis (Stramenopiles) in reptiles and arthropods
Lorencová, Markéta ; Čepička, Ivan (advisor) ; Jirků, Kateřina (referee)
The genus Blastocystis has recently attracted the attention of scientists, especially parasitologists. Similarly to the related opalines and proteromonads, Blastocystis is anaerobic and lives endobiotically in the intestine of various animals. This organism is also often found in humans, where it is associated with irritable bowel syndrome, though its pathogenic potential remains uncertain. The genus Blastocystis is remarkable for its rich genetic diversity. The taxonomy of Blastocystis is inconsistent and problematic. The strains isolated from homoiothermic vertebrates are divided into 17 subtypes, while strains from poikilotherms are either classified as separate species or are not considered in taxonomic studies at all. The aim of the study was to further examine the genetic diversity of the genus Blastocystis. We determined SSU rDNA sequences of 38 strains isolated from poikilothermic vertebrates and arthropods. The results of our phylogenetic analysis showed that Blastocystis is considerably diverse in these hosts, and we defined 21 new subtypes. The total number of known subtypes of Blastocystis has thus increased to 38. We also examined light-microscopical morphology of some strains. Most of the newly defined subtypes show identical morphology, ST20 (Blastocystis geocheloni) is an exception,...
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Diversity of the genus Blastocystis (Stramenopiles)
Lorencová, Markéta ; Čepička, Ivan (advisor) ; Kostka, Martin (referee)
Although the genus Blastocystis is only little known, it has recently attracted much attention of protistologists and parasitologists. Similarly to the related opalines and proteromonads, Blastocystis is anaerobic and lives endobiotically in intestines of many animals. On the other hand, members of the genus have completely lost flagella. Therefore, the phylogenetic position of Blastocystis had been puzzling for a long time. B. hominis is one of the most common intestinal parasites of humans and has been found also in a wide variety of animals. It is highly prevalent not only in the developing nations, but also in the developed countries. Its enormous genetic diversity, pathogenic and zoonotic potential (B. hominis is often associated with irritable bowel syndrome) make from B. hominis an important emerging pathogen.
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Aktuoekologie jezerních krytenek Šumavy
Lorencová, Markéta ; Holcová, Katarína (advisor) ; Bubík, Miroslav (referee) ; Hudáčková-Hlavatá, Natália (referee)
/ SUMMARY The doctoral thesis discusses thecamoebians assemblages coming from five glacial lakes in the National Park Šumavaand from the Lipno Reservoir in the Southern Bohemia (the Czech Rep.). The research analyzes parameters of various assemblages commensurate with environmental characteristics. The aim of this research is to find relations useful in paleoecology. Thecamoebians are freshwater microorganisms with amoeboid cell and simple organic or anorganic test. Species with anorganic tests have been examined because of their better possibilities to fossilize. This taxon may prove to be a key taxon for monitoring environmental change during 21't century So it is expected that it could bear useful information about freshwater benthic paleoenvironment as well. Forty-six surface samples from the bottom of five glacial lakes in the ŠumavaMts., Czech Republic. collected in2002 were investigated and twelve species of thecamoebians with anorganic wall were identified in total. 96 oÁ samples contain the species Difflugia globulus. Other common species are Difflugia oblonga and Centropyxis orbicularis. Dominance oť DiÍÍlugiaglobulus and representation of Centropyxis orbiculari.r and Trigonopyxis arcula are the considerable differences comparing testate fauna from other world lakes. It is possible to distinguish...
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