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Vyhodnocení efektu zavedení bolusu Kexxtone do bachoru dojnic na jejich výkonnost a zdravotní stav po otelení
LHOTA, Jiří
The aim of the diploma thesis was to evaluate the effect of the application of monensin in the form of intraruminal bolus Kexxtone before calving of cows on reproduction, performance and health status in the following lactation. Monitoring took place in the agricultural enterprise ZD Velká Chyška. Monitoring took place from the beginning of August 2022 to mid-March 2023. A total of 118 dairy cows were included in the monitoring. Approximately 3 weeks before birth, a bolus of Kexxtone was administered with body condition scoring, and at the postpartum check around day 7 after birth, blood was drawn from the subcaudal vein, also with body condition scoring. The following data were included in the monitored indicators: age at the 1st calving, order of the evaluated lactation, number of days during bolus administration before calving, BCS before calving, BCS after calving, lactation day at the examination, BHB value in blood, lactation day at the 1st heat , lactation day at the 2nd heat, lactation day at the 1st insemination, total number of inseminations, service period, lactation day at the 1st disease, number of diseases, lactation day at the peak of lactation, daily milk yield at the peak of lactation and milk yield in 100 days of lactation, lactation day on the control day, daily milk yield, % fat, % protein and ratio of fat and protein content in milk in the first 5 control days. Monitored indicators were sorted according to the order of lactation, bolus administration, BCS before calving, blood BHB level and the ratio of fat and protein content at the 1st and 2nd performance checks. In the group of cows that received a Kexxtone bolus, there was no positive effect on reproductive indicators, as their values were almost identical to the control group without bolus. The effect was not manifested even with the earlier occurrence of the 1st heat after calving. In cows that were given a bolus, a lower level of BHB was found in the blood after parturition, a different ratio of fat and protein content in milk was not found in the first controls after calving compared to the control, and a lower incidence of disease was recorded. Cows with bolus had a higher milk yield in the first 100 days of lactation by 142 kg of milk.
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Changes of rapeseed (\kur{Brassica napus} L.) cultivar composition during breeding of this crop
LHOTA, Jiří
The work maps the development of oilseed rape (\kur{Brassica napus} L.) breeding in terms of changes in the varietal composition. Changes in the variety composition mainly concern the setting of breeding work to reduce the content of undesirable fatty acids (erucic acid) and antinutritive substances (glucosinolates) in rapeseed. There are also hybrid varieties that have prevailed over linear varieties in recent years due to higher yield potential. Furthermore, the work presents the benefits of breeding work by transgenic varieties that have increased resistance to pathogens, pests and varieties tolerant to herbicides. The work is also focused on yield parameters such as seed yield and oil content. Due to the worldwide importance of this crop, the history of cultivation is mentioned both in the Czech Republic and abroad.
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