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Mass extemporaneous decontamination of people in concrete stationary object.
LEVÝ, Leoš
This thesis consists of three main parts. In the first part, the general procedures and principles of decontamination, the decontamination substances and mixtures, as well as the technique that is used for decontamination, have been described. Next, the description of the decontamination of the first responders, as this part of the decontamination process has been given; it has been elaborated and checked in practice. In the second part, there is the drafted plan of the mass extemporaneous decontamination of people in the selected public facility, according to the general methods of decontamination. Next, there is the drafted documentation for resolving an extraordinary event: an accident with subsequent leakage of a dangerous chemical substance, resulting in the need to carry out the mass decontamination of people in selected public facilities. In the last part, I have discussed and compared the advantages and possible disadvantages of the selected object of for the implementation of mass decontamination of people. There is also a suggested way of how to carry out this decontamination in this object in the most efficient way. The processing of this documentation has clearly confirmed my hypothesis. The mass decontamination of people in the selected location, in this case specifically in the Domazlice Hostel and Swimming Pool, can be feasibly performed with an improvised method. After giving the specific supplemented data (the names of the personnel, the telephone numbers, places of storage material etc.), the suggested documentation is usable for the object in practice. The documentation can be also easily adapted to other similar public facilities.
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Radionuclides in the environment
LEVÝ, Leoš
Radionuclides occurring in the environment on Earth can be divided according to the mechanism of their origin into three main groups. Cosmogenic radionuclides are formed by continual cosmic radiation on the nuclei of stable elements especially in the upper levels of the atmosphere. Terrestrial radionuclides originate directly on our planet. The last group represent anthropogenic radionuclies which occur in the environment due to a controlled activity of man (e.g. nuclear plant outlets) or due to various accidents (the Cernobyl nuclear plant accident). For all mentioned radionuclides I give a description of their occurrence and concentration in the environment and their proportion on the total effective rate a man receives per year. Due to the fact that radon can represent up to 50 % of the total effective rate, it is dealt with in a special chapter. The paper aims at creating a unified overview of occurrence of radionuclides in the environment. To carry out this paper I presumed that there is an insufficient awareness in the inhabitants of the Czech Republic concerning this issue (lack of interest on the part of the population, reception of unverified, incomplete or misrepresented information from mass media or various interest groups). The questionnaire survey, the results of which are part of this paper, confirmed this premise and therefore it is possible to use this paper to improve the awareness concerning the dealt with issue.
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