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Educating and evaluation of knowledge pupils primary school in the area of fire protectin
LEVÁ, Michaela
According to statistics the number of fires is still very high and the main cause is the negligence of people and underestimating of its danger, so that is right to be concerned with this problems. The solution is to educate people since their early age, e.g. within their school attendance. I decided to choose the theme of my dissertation, which deals with education of students in the area of fire protection. Personally, I would like to find out how the students are trained and educated in this issue and how their knowledge is, that is the chosen aim of the thesis. The goal of this dissertation is to find out the methods of educating and the level of knowledge of the fire protection in elementary schools. To achieve the goal and to complete the research questions I conducted a survey and structured interviews (dialogue). The survey was orientated to students of ninth grade in randomly chosen schools and should check out their knowledge in the problems. The structured interviews were realized with school management and were meant to find out the way or methods of teaching in this issue. The results were put into graphs and charts. In the end the comparison of students´ knowledge was done on two randomly chosen schools, or between two regions of the South Bohemia. The comparison was done within statistical counting methods. After the final evaluation that is possible to say that the knowledge of students in the area of the fire protection is on relatively good level. On the other way around, the methods and extensiveness of education in this area, in view of the fact that importance of fire protection, is in my point of view not sufficient and should have given more attention. In the statistical research it was found out that there are not big differences between the knowledge of students in chosen schools, or regions.
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Fire safety in households and possibilities of its enhancement
LEVÁ, Michaela
I have chosen the topic for my bachelor thesis called "Fire safety in households and possibilities of its enhancement", for several reasons. Fires in households are mentioned in the news very often and statistics indicate that the greatest number of deaths are caused by just these fires. The most frequent causes of these fires are technical faults, negligence of adult people and intentional ignition. Fires caused by a technical fault or negligence are mostly caused by ignorance of the principles of fire protection. It is desirable to solve this problem and contribute by processing this bachelor thesis and subsequent promotion to get the necessary information and knowledge to the general public about this issue. Consequently the goal of this work is to propose principles to enhance fire safety in the households. The theoretical part describes the current status of fires in households using tables and graphs of statistical information, especially about the number of fires, deaths of persons and property damages during fires in households in the years 2010-2014. These figures show the seriousness of this issue. Furthermore, this section deals with the causes of fires, which are divided into categories of intentional ignition, ignition of negligence, technical faults and fires caused by natural influences. There is also an explanation of some basic concepts of fire safety. In the next section of this part, there is a description of extinguishers, autonomous detection alarms and signalization alarms and escape routes. In remainder of the theoretical part are listed some of the responsibilities of individuals, based on Act no. 133/1985 Coll., about fire protection, as subsequently amended, and selected fire risk. The theoretical part of this work is designed as a literature review to give reader an opportunity to get some information about current status of household fires, basic concepts of fire protection, fire safety devices and fire protection instruments, obligations of individuals in the area of fire protection and some knowledge of fire risk. The following part of this thesis is a survey described in methods where the approach of data collection is defined. The method of investigation and data collection was realized through structured questionaires for public. These examined the level of fire protection in households in particular districts. Questions concerned basics on fire security and were indeed perquisite for the research. The respondents were chosen based on a stratified selection where 5 villages in South Bohemian region were chosen: Dívčice, Protivín, Tálín, Štěkeň, Radomyšl. Overall 90 filled questionaires were collected by personal questioning with a strait contact of the interviewer and respondent in those villages. The results are shown in graphs where the percentage of correct and false answers in each question is provided. After this research with collected results a low level of fire security in households can be declared. Therefore some precautions were designed so called Principles Suggestion which should raise this level. It came out of those questions with the lowest number of correct answers. The survey shows that better treatment and following of the essential principles while using flammable liquids, gas and electronic devices and fire extinguishers are the fundamental concerns of increasing of fire security. Those are listed downward according to their frequency in questioners and were introduced in a manner for easy understanding so that fire security concerns knowledge can actually increase in households. The outcome of this research should help with increasing of fire security awareness in households and will therefore be provided to HZS ČR, SH ČMS and municipalities.
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