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Low carbohydrate regimes (low carb diet, the cyclical ketogenic diet, intermittent fasting) and their impact on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, muscular strength, sports performance and muscle cells resistance against exercise
Kysel, Pavel ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Otáhal, Jakub (referee) ; Stackeová, Daniela (referee)
(EN) Low-carbohydrate diets are a debated topic in relation to athletic performance, overweight and obesity, but also to the health status of the individual. The impact on health and fitness is still ambiguous. The aim of this study was to compare and investigate the effect of a low carbohydrate, in this case ketogenic, diet on body composition, sports performance at different exercise loads and levels of selected circulating cytokines. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of a cyclic ketogenic reduction diet (CKD) vs. a nutritionally balanced reduction diet (RD) combined with regular resistance/aerobic training in healthy young men for 8 weeks. Participants in both the CKD and RD groups reduced their body weight, body fat, and body mass index (BMI) values. In the CKD group, the amount of fat-free mass (net body weight) and the amount of water in the body decreased. In the RD group, however, the volume of these parameters did not change significantly. Muscle strength parameters were not affected in the CKD group, while maximal strength performances in chest pulldown and lower limb press increased in the RD group. Similarly, endurance performances were not affected in the CKD group, whereas maximal power output and maximal oxygen consumption increased in the RD group. Our findings suggest that...
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Nutrition of professional high heels dancers
Žabková, Martina ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kysel, Pavel (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is focused on nutrition of the high heels dancers (gogo dancers, burlesque dancers, exotic dancers, strippers etc.). The goal of the bachelor's thesis is to compare average BMI, consumption of alcohol and lifestyle of the high heels dancers with a group of unathletic women. Theoretic part of this bachelor's thesis briefly introduces high heels dance style, focuses on essential nutrients (macronutrients, micronutrients), fluid intake and alcohol consumption. Also determines a recommended dietary intake of proteins, carbohydrates fat, vitamins, minerals and fluid for dancers. Theoretical part of this bachelor's thesis points out the risky parts in dancer's nutrition: deficiency of certain vitamins and minerals, inadequate fluid intake and alcohol in clubs. The conclusion of the theoretical part focuses on nutrient timing, pre-workout meal/ post-workout meal for the high heels dancers and presents an example of meal plan for the high heels dancer. The practical part of this bachelor's thesis was created from data obtained from own designed non-standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire filled 49 respondents, 15 of them were professional high heels dancers and the other 15 were unathletic women. The average BMI of high heel dancer is 19,9 kg/m2 . The average BMI of unathletic...
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Low-carbohydrate diets and their effect on body composition and sports performance
Kysel, Pavel ; Jandová, Soňa (referee)
The effect of low-carbohydrate diets on physical fitness is still controversial. The goal of low-carbohydrate diets is to minimize the effects on sports performance by restricting carbohydrates, while optimizing body composition by reducing subcutaneous fat while maintaining maximum muscle mass. The aim of this work is to search the current literature and scientific studies, and to determine the effect of low-carbohydrate and therefore ketogenic diets on body composition and sports performance of various types. Partial tasks are then to define the circumstances that are related to the main goal, or are derived from it, i.e. individual motor skills, including their development and circumstances leading to the influence of sports performance, as well as the area of the individual's body composition and the obvious circumstances of food intake. An essential part is the most up-to-date reference and covering the main differences of low- carb diets in their entirety. The results are mixed, however, in endurance athletes, the body adapts to a fat-rich diet after about a week, and in general, oxidation of fats provides enough energy in the form of intramuscular triacylglycerols or free fatty acids in plasma. Theoretically, this should lead to the investigation of muscle glycogen, as the most valuable...
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