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Changes of Terezín in the Time of the first half of the 20th century
Kumpfová, Kristýna ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Šedivý, Ivan (referee)
Terezín is a special type of city, the origin of which was not determined by economic but by military reasons. It was founded in the 18th century as a fortress town and became the seat of a military garrison (which, except for the Second World War, resided here until the 1990s). Terezín was located in a mixed German-Czech area and, after the secession of the Sudetenland, found itself on the very border with the Third Reich. The construction of the city at the end of the 18th century, including its significance and later the history of the Jewish ghetto, is the subject of many historical works. But the period of the end of the monarchy and the first republic in Terezín is still waiting for greater historical research. The starting point of my work is the gradual transformation of the city during the 19th and the first half of the 20th century, depending on how the strategic importance of the city as a military fortress changed. Shortly after its completion, Terezín began to become morally and technically obsolete. The rapid development of new weapons systems, and especially the development of war techniques, when numerous units with rear security could move by rail, and armies became much more mobile, all this determined the further development of the city. The stationary fortress could be bypassed...
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Conditions of the Czechoslovak Germans in the first half of the 20th century in the Region Šluknov
Kumpfová, Kristýna ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Stehlík, Michal (referee)
This Bachelor thesis deals with the status of the citizens of German nationality in the region Šluknovsko from the beginning of the 20th century in the framework of Austria - Hungary, in the time of newly established Czechoslovak republic, during the time of the occupation, specifically after the joining to the Third Reich and in the period after the liberation of Czechoslovakia. Šluknovsko was a relatively unique region with a significant German settlement, economically and cultural self-sufficient. The joining the Third Reich had great influence over the lives of the local people which will be represented by real life accounts of people from that time. Following change of the population after the world war two had significant economic and social and cultural consequences for this region. The target of the thesis is to describe the changes of the position of German people in the concrete region during the stormy half-century - from ruling nation during the Austro - Hungarian monarchy, to tolerated minority in the Czechoslovakia, to superior race in the Third Reich, to being exiled from their own territory.
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