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Multidrug-resistant bacteria associated with hospital care in the hospital Jindrichuv Hradec, Inc.
KRČMÁROVÁ, Zuzana
A nosocomial infection is the notion historically associated with Infectious Medicine, microbiology, epidemiology and hygiene. Nosocomial infections or infections associated with medical care as they are called currently, are infections contracted by patients while under medical care. An etiological agent of these diseases are bacteria with high resistance that are able to survive in unfavorable conditions of an hospital environment and which are resistant against antibiotics and sanitation.The occurrence of infections and multi-resistant bacteria has been growing all over the world. These organisms are endemic in many hospitals in spite of all sanitation measures and antibiotic therapy. The rising occurrence of multi-resistant bacteria represents a serious threat to public health and prolongs the pacient´s hospitalization causing thus rising costs, higher morbidity and mortality.The main information source about the measure of resistance is the antibiotics resistance surveillance. Its goal is the description and the identification of current problems and influencing complex measures as well as improvement of general awareness about antibiotics resistance. The precondition for the successful infections therapy is the development of sensitivity to antimicrobial agents and frequency of occurrence of pathogenic bacteria.The most common cause of infections associated with medical care is staphylococcus, enterobacteria and pseudomonad, however, all known microorganism can cause infection.My bachelor´s thesis evaluates the occurrence of the most widespread multi-resistant bacteria in the Jindřichův Hradec Hospital a.s. in the last 11 years. In my thesis I compare data about chosen invasive bacteria from our hospital with other Czech and European data (EARS-Net) and I try to evaluate trends in occurrence of these bacteria.The trend of rising numbers of resistant bacteria and its fast spread in the hospital in Jindřichův Hradec in the last two years has probably been caused by unsatisfactory location of some wards, especially those in the old building of the Department of Internal Medicine (it´s being refurbished at the moment). The other cause could be, in spite of efforts undertaken by the Epidemiology and Hygiene Section which is the part of the Department of Microbiology, the negligence of anti-epidemic measures especially hands washing. An important role is sometimes played by the imprudent giving of antibiotic to patients.Our experience with the multi-resistant bacteria and the results of this thesis are identical with other studies from the Czech Republic and from abroad stressing the fact that the occurrence of multi-resistant bacteria in Europe and in the world has been rising.Resistance in the Jindřichův Hradec Hospital a.s., despite all efforts of staff and especially efforts of prevention and infection control team, is increasing and shows tendency similar to that of the Czech Republic generally and other countries of EU.
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