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Application of perennials in a system of vertical garden
Kozderová, Viola ; Matiska, Pavel (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
The thesis Application of perennials in a system of vertical garden aims to verify the cultivation of selected assortments of perennials which are planted in vertical exterior walls with substrate technology. Another aim is to suggest and recommend new taxa for further cultivation on these walls.
The literary research part presents the basic concepts which explain the term perennial. Perennials are divided into several categories depending on their demands for the habitat with the purpose to understand the varied character of their growth and the differences between the individual species. Furthermore, the thesis includes a chapter on vertical gardens, whose founder is believed to be the French botanist Patrick Blanc. He was the first to have presented his green wall Mur végétal in France. Facade greening is more widely spread abroad (e.g. in France, Singapore or London) thanks to the favourable climatic conditions. This form of plant cultivation is being attempted in the Czech Republic and new species of perennials which would thrive in the local climate are being tested.
Testing of perennials was carried out on five vertical walls on the estate belonging to the test station of the faculty of gardening in Troja, Prague. The walls were marked with letters and stationed according to sun exposure intensity (A shadow, B, C, D sunlight, E direct sunlight). A new assortment of perennials was planted on walls A and B. Previously tested species were used on wall C and the plants were set in an ornament. Walls D and E had already been planted. All the walls were regularly monitored three or four times per month. Over the course of the observation, regular watering and maintenance of the perennials were carried out (e.g. weeding, cutting and chemical treatment).
Assessment of the plants was carried out based on a scale of 1 to 5 points and the criteria included colouring, habitus, vitality and overall aesthetic appeal of the plants. Points for the individual species of perennials tested on walls A, B, D and E were counted and the ones with the highest amount of points (60% and more) are suitable for planting on vertical walls. Wall C was assessed by 50 evaluators using a questionnaire the overall aesthetic appeal of the wall was evaluated.
The results briefly describe the advantages and disadvantages of the individual species of perennials depending on their development during the observed period. Furthermore, a list of species suitable for planting on vertical walls is created based on the points acquired. These species are also graphically depicted based on the aesthetic appeal of the plant over the observed period. The first six places comprise the perennials Bergenia cordifolia (198 p.), Carex comans (187 p.), Epimedium x versicolor Sulphureum (171 p.), Cerastium biebersteinii (222 p.), Lewisia cotyledon (210 p.) and Festuca scoparia (207 p.).
The discussion deals with the issue of vertical gardens and cultivation of perennials which commonly grow in shallow soil profile.
In conclusion, species which can be grown on vertical exterior walls with substrate technology were identified in the assortment of selected perennials. These species are indicated in the results.
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