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Flow pattern and hydraulic response propagation in selected caves of Moravian Karst
Kůrková, Iva ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Knížek, Martin (referee)
This thesis is divided into two parts. The first one is focused on tracer tests carried out in several karst conduits in the Moravian Karst. Several conduits were tracer repeatedly during different discharges. Flow velocity, flow cross section area, longitudinal dispersivity and Peclet number were plotted against discharge for each studied conduit. Based on this comparison of parameters I deduced characteristics of karst conduits for example presence of phreatic channel or vadose channel or multiple channels. I also focused on comparison of my results with publications dealing with the same subject elsewhere in the world. Second part of the thesis is based on measurements of water stage, dischargeand temperature by pressure transducers at inlet and outlet points of karst conduit logged in 10 minutes interval. The goal was to find a relation between the velocity of hydraulic response propagation and discharge. Unfortunately, results show no correlation because there are probably more parameters influencing the velocity such as ratio of vadose/phreatic segments which may change rapidly during flood events.
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Possibilities of Karstification in the Transitional Facies of the Bohemian Cretatious Basin
Balák, František ; Bruthans, Jiří (advisor) ; Knížek, Martin (referee)
In the region of Bohemian Cretaceous Basin can be found some springs with specific yield over 100 l/s. The doyen of Czech hydrogeology Prof. Hynie described some of those springs to be of karst origin and as the most permeable area he described the so-called transitional facies between shallow-water sandstones and deep-water marlstones. Possibilities of karstification have not yet been studied for rocks in the BCB, so the origin of well-permeable pathways in the BCB is a subject of speculations. This thesis deals with the question of which sedimentary rocks potentially allow the generation of karst permeability in the BCB. To do so, rock samples drilled from outcrops in the BCB were subjected to a fast dissolution simulation by leaching in hydrochloric acid. Carbonate content is measured by a standard and one's own method. Mineral composition, grain size and microscopic structure of rocks are studied with SEM. As is shown, the border of rock karstification is not defined just by the carbonate content, but also the grain size, rock structure and by the occurrence of fine secondary silicate content. Concerning the amount of dissolvable compounds, the border of total disintegration can be at 30 % of carbonate content for some rocks, but the most resistant rocks (mostly fine rocks with SiO2 matrix) stay intact...
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