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The effect of artificial drainage on the flow of water and other ecosystem functions
Kešner, Michal ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Šír, Miloslav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to summarize the current knowledge about the changes of soil caused by the subsurface tile drainage. It also deals with a uestion of the influence on other parts which are closely connected, as water, atmosphere and organisms. Foreign and domestic literature suggests that tile drainage by accelerates discharge from the watershed decreases groundwater level and drainage water influences the quality of surface water. It also changes the structure of soil, mainly reducting and anaerobic processes are replaced by oxidative and aerobic ones and all these decrease the amount of soil organic matter. Leaching of nutrients is observed from soil to drainage water. Original ecosystem changes and the composition of organisms shifts as well. But the biodiversity of location does not have to be affected. However, a reducing value of betadiversity may appear in broader context, community composition of original wetland is getting closer to surrounding ecosystems eventually. Due to close connections of all parts of the system, an impact on climate can occur. Knowledge achieved during the development of this thesis should be used in the research about the impact of tile drainage near village Senotín.
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The effect of artificial drainage and subsequent restoration on carbon stock and water retention in a watershed
Kešner, Michal ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Kuráž, Michal (referee)
In the 1980s, the meadows around Senotín in southern Bohemia were drained by subsurface pipe drainage. After considerable drought in 1992, this area was subjected to extensive research. In 1995, a part of the drained area was revitalized. The drainage pipeline was interrupted by seven clay screens, over four of them country lanes and shallow depressions were built. The research of this site was realized after revitalization and focused on the water regime of the soil and on the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. This thesis describes the state of water regime, physical and chemical parameters of soil in undrained, drained and revitalized areas 20 years after revitalization and compares them with data from research performed in the past. The rainfall and runoff data was measured in the catchment area, and soil samples were collected in the regular network. Research has shown that between 1998 and 2014 there has been a reduction in river runoff. However, a more detailed data analysis has identified the vegetation transpiration as the main factor. There has been no increase in soil retention or soil moisture. None of the investigated soil parameters on the revitalized area (bulk density, carbon and nitrogen content, C:N ratio, pH, and conductivity of the aqueous extract) is...
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The effect of artificial drainage on the flow of water and other ecosystem functions
Kešner, Michal ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Šír, Miloslav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to summarize the current knowledge about the changes of soil caused by the subsurface tile drainage. It also deals with a uestion of the influence on other parts which are closely connected, as water, atmosphere and organisms. Foreign and domestic literature suggests that tile drainage by accelerates discharge from the watershed decreases groundwater level and drainage water influences the quality of surface water. It also changes the structure of soil, mainly reducting and anaerobic processes are replaced by oxidative and aerobic ones and all these decrease the amount of soil organic matter. Leaching of nutrients is observed from soil to drainage water. Original ecosystem changes and the composition of organisms shifts as well. But the biodiversity of location does not have to be affected. However, a reducing value of betadiversity may appear in broader context, community composition of original wetland is getting closer to surrounding ecosystems eventually. Due to close connections of all parts of the system, an impact on climate can occur. Knowledge achieved during the development of this thesis should be used in the research about the impact of tile drainage near village Senotín.
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