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Cooperation nurses and families of patients after stroke
KYSUČANOVÁ, Ivana
Acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is the third most frequent cause of death in developed countries and its occurrence is increasing even in the productive age. A cerebrovascular accident involves a rapid loss of brain function. It occurs in two variants: ischemic or haemorrhagic. Ischemic CVA is caused by blockage of blood flow into the whole brain or its part. Clinical image of a patient with ischemic CVA is variable, there are mild, serious or fatal conditions differing in terms of the extent, seriousness and time interval of brain tissue ischemia duration. Haemorrhagic CVAs are caused by bleeding from damaged wall of some brain artery. Intracranial haemorrhage may be split or bordered and depends on the artery wall rupture extent, blood pressure and resistance of the adjacent brain tissue. Split haemorrhage occurs as a consequence of chronic arterial hypertension that causes vessel rupture. Haemorrhagic CVA is a subsequence of intracerebral haemorrhage or bleeding into subarachnoidal space. Cerebrovascular accident affects not only the patient, but it also influences further functioning of the family from the sensual, physical and financial points of view. A nurse becomes an irreplaceable assistant and educator for the family in the care of the patient suffering from this disease. Nursing care is impossible without contact with the patient and quality nursing care requires mutual confidence, sympathy, and cooperation within interaction between the nurse, the family and the patient. Nurse?s role in everyday contact also involves so called productive behaviour, which is a part of quality care. The nurse explains all unknown things to the patient. She shows her interest, affection and sympathy. She eliminates anxiety, fears and creates optimistic atmosphere in the patient. She always patiently listens to the patient appreciates his/her efforts, supports and helps him/her. It is important that the nurse creates conditions for the closest contact between the patient and his family, who affect positively his/her condition. All restraints like that care should solely be provided by professionals have to be eliminated and the family should not be perceived as an unimportant factor. The aim of the thesis was to map the level of mutual cooperation between nurses and families and to find what the approach of families to cooperation with nurses of the neurology department of the Písek Hospital was. The research for this bachelor thesis was elaborated in the form of qualitative research. Selection of respondents was completely individual, the sample was divided into two groups (nurses x families). After clarification of all the reasons for the required interview and assurance of maximum anonymousness the groups of respondents ? nurses and relatives were arranged. The dialogues were based on questions prepared in advance. Written records of the interviews were analyzed and the results then categorized into categories and subcategories. The research brought facts about the level of cooperation between the staff and relatives at present. The results have shown that cooperation between the nurses andfamily members is at a very good level at the neurology department. The replies of the respondents were mostly definite, that the cooperation between the family and the nurse is positive and beneficial for both the parties. The research into the approach of a family to cooperation with nurses at the neurology ward has brought positive conclusions. The respondents showed strong interest in the patient. They assumed realistic attitude to the situation occurred, when someone close to them had been hospitalized. There was no rejection of offered cooperation, however uncertainty and fear of the unknown was obvious in all the family respondents. This is why a simple manual based on the research conclusion has been elaborated.
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