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Communication as part of nursing care in the emergency department
KREJČÍ, Natálie
Abstract The aim of this thesis was to chart the specifics of communication between nurses and patients in the emergency department. Two research questions were formulated based on this goal: "What are patients' experiences with communication from nurses in the emergency department?" and "What communication problems occur between nurses and patients in the emergency department?" Additionally, two hypotheses were developed, namely: "Nurses' knowledge of communication principles differs according to their level of education" and "Nurses' knowledge of communication principles differs by length of experience." A mixed research strategy was used, including semi-structured interviews and an unstandardised questionnaire. The study involved 12 patients treated in the emergency department and 216 nurses working in the department. The interviews were evaluated with the open coding method, using pencil and paper, and the results were subsequently categorised. Hypotheses were tested using nonparametric correlation Spearman's correlation coefficient in IBM SPSS Statistics 28 program. The results of the qualitative research emphasise the importance of communication in the emergency department. Patients evaluate their experiences primarily based on the approach and communication from the staff. The most frequently reported communication issues are unsuitable communication from nurses, followed by the staff not having enough time, high numbers of patients in the waiting room, and insufficient information. The quantitative results demonstrate a statistically significant effect between nurses' educational level and knowledge of communication principles. The test result yielded a p-value of 0.01%. Thus, the higher the educational attainment, the higher the knowledge of communication principles. In contrast, there was no statistically significant association between the length of experience and knowledge of communication principles. According to the test result, the p-value was 19.6%. Therefore, knowledge of communication principles is not related to nurses' experience. The most common barriers from the perspective of nurses are aggression from patients and a lack of time. One of the solutions to the barriers is certainly to increase the number of staff and to ensure lifelong communication skills education for nurses.
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Nurses experience with violence of patients side.
KREJČÍ, Natálie
The bachelor thesis deals with the nurse experiences with an aggressive patient. The objective of our bachelor thesis was to map the experiences of nurses with violence from patients. According to the stated objective, we set ourselves these research questions: What are nurses' experiences of violence from patients? What are the specifics of caring for an aggressive patient? We used qualitative research methods for our bachelor thesis. For ours nurses we devised half structured interviews. The research group was composed of twelve nurses, who have an experience with aggressive patient. The research results showed that nurses have experiences mainly with verbal aggression in the form of swearing and vulgarisms. Reaction of most nurses to verbal aggression was verbal reassurance, but nurses did not dedicate a lot of attention to nonverbal communication. In physical aggression, nurses usually use restraints, but most of nurses do not think that application of medication belongs to restraints. Further, nurses in physical aggression tried to call help, so they ensured their own safety. Nurses most often classify between restraints: protective belts and a room designed for the safe movement of patients. This restraints are most often used. In caring for a limited patient, nurses pay more attention to the patient's physical needs than to the mental ones. Furthermore, we found that nurses are not very often acquainted with the issue in the theoretical or practical part, for example through lectures or self-defence courses. However, all informants would like to be more educated in the given issue.
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