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Interaction between a patient and a nurse during a transfer of human biological material.
KOPŘIVOVÁ, Natálie
Abstract: This bachelor thesis is devoted to communication between a patient and a nurse during the collection of biological material. Aims of the thesis: To explore communication barriers from the nurses' side during biological material collection. To learn about the patients' experience with communication techniques used by nurses during the selected biological material collections. To find out which communication techniques are used by nurses during the collection of biological material. Methodology and research population: For the fulfillment of set goals, a qualitative research in the form of semi-structured interviews aided with observation was implemented. The interview-based data were then analysed using open coding and Pen-and-Paper method (PAPI). The research population consisted of 11 nurses and 6 patients from hospitals in the South Bohemian Region and Vysočina Region. The research was carried out from February to March 2023. The criteria for the selection of nurses for our research was the execution of collecting biological material as part of their work at the selected workplace. The minimal experience of the nurses was 5 years for interviews and 2 years for observations. The patients were to undergo a selected biological material collection. Three categories and six sub-categories were found during the data analysis. Results: The research through observation showed us that many nurses communicate with patients professionally and adequately but some nurses omit or unsuitably use certain elements of verbal and non-verbal communication. Those include inappropriate addressing, violation of hygienic guidelines, lack of patient identification or failure to divert attention during procedures. Of course, no communication with the patient throughout the material collection is easy and comes with many barriers, be it language, space, misunderstanding, patient's unwellness or staff shortage at the workplace. Patients' experience with positive and negative attitude of the nurses varies in each facility. The results of the interviews revealed that smiling, eye to eye contact, empathy, attention diversion or verbal communication during material collection are essential for the patients. Recommendations for practice: The results of this work can be used as study material or guidance for nurses already working in the healthcare sector, but also for non-medical students. This will enable nurses to develop patient-centred communication skills that are essential for the provision of quality nursing care.
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