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Rules, bans, restrictions in healthcare facilities
KODETOVÁ, Věra
Rules, bans, restrictions in healthcare facilities Improving the quality of care for patients is the main goal of every healthcare facility. Satisfaction of patients with medical and nursing care is one of the indicators of quality. Patients have not only rights but also duties. Among other things, patients{\crq} duties include compliance with rules, bans and restrictions during a visit to healthcare facilities. This particularly concerns compliance with therapeutic rules, instructions given by a physician and other limitations associated with the operation of a healthcare facility. The main objective of this diploma thesis was to identify the patients{\crq} attitude and perception of rules, bans, and restrictions, find out how patients observe them and compare the number of rules, bans and restrictions in both outpatient and inpatient healthcare facilities. The data was collected in a survey undertaken in Nemocnice s poliklinikou Praha Italská (Hospital with Outpatient Clinic Prague Italska). This healthcare facility has 2 hospital wards and 31 specialist outpatient departments. A total of 188 respondents took part in the survey (102 outpatients and 86 inpatients). Five hypotheses were proposed. The first hypothesis, which predicted that most patients would perceive rules, bans and restrictions as burden, was not confirmed. The second hypothesis, which predicted that rules, bans and restrictions that were personal would create more stress in female patients than in male patients, was confirmed. The third hypothesis was also confirmed since female patients from outpatient departments of the healthcare facility were shown to be more compliant with rules, bans and restrictions than male patients. Female inpatients from hospital wards of the healthcare facility were not more compliant with rules, bans and restrictions than male inpatients. The fourth hypothesis was not therefore confirmed. Our assumption that inpatients from hospital wards of the healthcare facility are facing more rules, bans and restrictions than outpatients was disproved. The fifth hypothesis was not therefore confirmed. The author has chosen this topic for her diploma thesis because as a nurse she meets different kinds of patients on a daily basis who react differently to rules, bans and restrictions in this healthcare facility. The results of the survey led us to design training classes for nurses and information brochures for patients who visit healthcare facilities. A sufficient amount of information is a basic prerequisite for understanding and complying with rules, bans and restrictions.
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General public knowledge of health awareness that too much exposure to sunlight and solarium increases the casuality rate of skin melanoma
KODETOVÁ, Věra
Harmfulness of sunrays and solariums has become a very topical problem in the recent time. Excess exposure of skin to sunlight causes premature ageing of skin, creation of deep wrinkles and geriatric stains and is especially accompanied with creation of malignant melanoma. However, people don{\crq}t take this warning seriously. A big part of them still thinks that sun exposure (and sunbathing especially) is healthy and that sunburnt body is a sign of beauty and an expression of fitness. Only the awareness of the real danger and change in bad habits in the form of adequate protection against UV radiation can prevent big damages in the near future. The number of malignant melanoma skin disorders is rising every year. The number of diagnosed melanomas in the Czech Republic has increased four times over the last years. The aim of my work is to find out, how well the public is informed about the harmfulness of sunlight and solarium and how people protects themselves against the harmful effects of UV radiation. I collected the data by the query method in the form of questionnaire filled in by students and employees of a secondary vocational school, students of a vocational college and patients of a dermatology ambulance on random screens. In total, 201 question-forms were evaluated. I assumed four hypotheses, all of which have been proved. The public is adequately informed about the harmfulness of UV radiation. In most cases, people protect themselves against the effects of sunlight using creams with protective factor and sunglasses with UV filter. My assumption that women between the ages of 20 and 40 sunbath in the sun or in a solarium for cosmetic reasons has also been proved. The inadequate awareness of preventive programmes and practises which lead to early detection of skin tumours is, however, alerting. I chose this topic because of my experience from a dermatology ambulance where I work and often meet the harmful effects of UV radiation on human skin. I will use the results of my work to educate patients about the harmful effects of UV radiation. I will especially stress the education about self-investigation of skin and about Euromelanoma day programme, which serves to early diagnose of skin tumour. As I have found out, the public lacks this information. The fact that only early detected tumour is curable is important.
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