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Changing the access to ensuring fire protection at The Temelin Nuclear Power Station after the accident at The Fukusima Nuclear Power Station.
KŘÍŽEK, Luboš
The theme of the dissertation is a change in an approach to securing fire protection in the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant after the accident in the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant. The theoretical part is an introduction to fire protection. It especially points out the statutory obligations applicable for both the public and the private sector, which are transferred to the companys fire rescue corps too. At the same time, fire protection is interconnected with legislation and specified in greater detail in EU countries. The theoretical part describes the process of building a uniform information system, safety-related issues and prevention of dangerous situations. The theoretical part summarizes the history of the nuclear energy industry, from the discovery of the disintegration of the uranium nucleus in 1938 and the first controlled reaction of uranium liberation by splitting a nucleus in 1942, when, at the same time, the first reactor was built. Unfortunately, this discovery did not only familiarize mankind with positive aspects associated with a controlled reaction, but it also showed the dark side of nuclear energy in the form of atomic bombs used mainly in the course of the World War II. After the World War II, civil defence organizations were gradually founded in the world. The main goal of all these organizations was to prevent nuclear weapons, nuclear power plants and nuclear fuel from being spread. At the present time there are three strong international organizations dealing with nuclear fission. Despite all the efforts to build a system of radiation protection, environmental protection and impacts on living organisms were not elaborated fully. First, passive attitudes aimed at protective equipment were the central theme, and these passive attitudes have been reflecting in an active approach to environmental protection in the past few years, the goal being to eliminate phenomena giving rise to threats to the environment and life as such. The actual history of nuclear power plants is very complex and complicated. The principle of all these power plants, no matter what type of reactor their operation is based on, is always nuclear fission the trouble is that in this case any wrong handling or storage has immense consequences for the whole world's population. The development of the nuclear energy industry in the Czech Republic was slow, which was caused by the occupation of the Jáchymov uranium mines by the Soviet Army after the World War II. Based on an agreement with Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Army exported the uranium extracted to the Soviet Union and left just 10% of it in the territory of Czechoslovakia. At that time, nuclear power plants began to be built in Czechoslovakia, such as the Jaslovské Bohunice Nuclear Power Plant, Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant and the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant as the last one, whose construction was started in times of Czechoslovakia, but which was completed and put into operation in times of the existence of the Czech Republic. The research is focused on emergency events which were the cause of the accident in the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant. Based on an FMEA (failure mode and effects analysis), the issues related to the activities of the company's fire rescue corps were specified. Another analysis is focused on the evaluation of outside and inside factors and evaluation of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to the company's fire rescue corps. Utilizing an FMEA, possible risks and failures are detected. The goal of this analysis is to eliminate risks and increase safety. The result is objective evaluation and increase in safety within the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant. A considerable negative aspect of this analysis is that it is very time consuming and varies in time due to the changeability of the factors monitored. The result of all the work is the evaluation of the existing state of the company's fire rescue corps through a SWOT analysiS.
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