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Dopady venezuelské migrační krize na region Latinské Ameriky
Hejzlarová, Martina
Venezuela has been in an economic and political crisis since 2014, which has caused more than six million people to flee the country. Massive migration from Venezuela is putting enormous pressure on countries in the Latin American region. This thesis therefore aims to evaluate the impact of the Venezuelan migration crisis on the socio-economic situation in selected Latin American countries, specifically Colombia, Peru and Chile, and to evaluate the migration policies adopted in selected countries towards Venezuelan refugees. The thesis is processed in the form of a qualitative case study that draws on primary and secondary data in its analysis. The analysis found that Peru and Chile apply more restrictive visa regimes for entry over time, while Columbia is the only country applying an open-door migration policy. In the short term, the massive influx of Venezuelan migrants has a negative impact on labour markets, employment, wages and the states have to incur increased fiscal expenditures. On the other hand, in the long run, Venezuelan migration has positive economic impacts, as it can contribute to labour competitiveness, economic productivity and overall economic growth of the countries. In the initial phase, local people and the governments of selected countries tend to take a solidarity approach to migration, but as time passes, xenophobic and discriminatory sentiments towards Venezuelan refugees emerge in society, leading to a wave of violence and protests.
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