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Quality of life of patients with peripheral arterial disease
HRADOVÁ, Helena
Theoretical foundation Arterial disease which gradually leads to narrowing of artery, up to complete vascular closure and to subsequent manifestation of ischaemia is called ischaemic disease of the lower extremities (IDLE). We need to understand ischaemic disease of the lower extremities not only as a disease causing patients a range of difficulties and significantly impacting their life quality, but also as a very important indicator of overall cardiovascular condition of whole organism. Ischaemic disease of the lower extremities becomes more and more accepted as a chronic disease associated with a substantial cardiovascular risk. This disease causes primarily walking limitation by which it impacts daily activities and significantly decrease the life quality. Goal of the thesis: A goal was set for the thesis: Finding out in which areas the ischaemic disease of the lower extremities impacts the life quality. Hypotheses: 6 hypotheses were set for the thesis: H1: Patients with IDLE feel pain H2: Patients with IDLE are limited in moving H3: Patients with IDLE are limited socially H4: Patients with IDLE feel concern for their future H5: Patients with IDLE perceive their life quality as a low one. H6: Patients with IDLE are limited in the area of basic daily activities. Methodology: The research part of the thesis was implemented based on quantitative inquiry within the grant Project No. 120/2012/S ?Reflection of life quality in nursing?. For the empirical part of the thesis the quantitative method was used, the survey was carried out in form of questionnaires, more precisely a standardized questionnaire EQ-5D-5L, selected questions from a questionnaire WHOQOL 100 and specific non-standardized complementary questions for patients with ischaemic disease of the lower extremities. The survey was carried out by addressing practising physicians , doctors from specialized outpatient departments and inpatient wards. Nurses who were, along with the doctors, responsible for explaining the significance of the survey to the patients were an integral part to the data gathering process. The respondents were selected intentionally, the basic factor of selection was presence of the ischaemic disease of the lower extremities. The selection sample was designed using selective quota, the only quota being the age of respondent. Results: All results obtained were statistically processed in the SASD (Statistical Analysis of Social Data) software. The results were divided into three areas. Firstly results describing the structure of selection sample, secondly results depicted graphically and thirdly results processed using a descriptive statistics. The last two areas were then arranged according to the used questionnaire. The results provided us with information regarding patients' perceiving of pain, the difficulties in moving, the social area, the basic daily activities, the concerns for the future and subjective perceiving ot the life quality. Based on the results, the set hypotheses were evaluated as follows: H1: Patients with IDLE feel pain ? confirmed, H2: Patients with IDLE are limited in moving - confirmed, H3: Patients with IDLE are limited socially - confirmed, H4: Patients with IDLE feel concern for their future - confirmed, H5: Patients with IDLE perceive their life quality as a low one ? not confirmed, H6: Patients with IDLE are limited in the area of basic daily activities - confirmed. Conclusion: The thesis provides a comprehensive view on the areas impacting the life quality of patients with ischaemic disease of the lower extremities. In practice the results can facilitate the choice of effective intervention and improve communication with patients, especially due to the gained knowledge. The results will be published in journals and presented at conferences. The results could also be used as a foundation for another survey and as a studying material for students of nursing.
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Clinical bed as a nurse´s helper
HRADOVÁ, Helena
This thesis is focused on a patient bed. The theoretical part deals with a patient bed in general, the patient beds classification as mechanical, electrical, child and infant beds, and also special beds. For the patient´s comfort not only a quality bed is important, but also basic fittings and various auxiliary parts in the form of additive accessories. The bed has a unique function in the care of patients, it enables to adjust various therapeutic and examination positions, but it also helps in many ways in the nurse´s work by reducing the impact of high physical load on her musculoskeletal system. The current issue is also the care for the nurse´s health and safety at work The objectives of this work are to determine how a patient bed helps in the nurse´s work, how useful the auxiliary parts of the bed may be and whether nurses make use of the bed convenience features. The stated hypotheses assume that the bed make the nurses´ work easier, nurses are satisfied with types of beds in the ward, make use of bed convenience features and also use the additive accessories. The survey was conducted by the quantitative method using questionnaires made up for nurses working in the České Budějovice Hospital, Inc. These questionnaires were distributed to standard departments, the Intensive Care Unit, Intermediate Care and Anesthesiology and Intensive Care. The questionnaire contained 35 questions, it was completely anonymous and voluntary. The data obtained from the questionnaires are processed into graphs in percentage. In the final part of the thesis the findings either confirm or do not confirm the pre-stated hypothesis, the output of this work is the research results provision to the hospital management as a material suitable for the selection of new patient beds in the department. The results will also be submitted to the beds manufacturer, as an example of nurses´ feedback.
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