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Continuous Elimination methods in Intesice Care from The Perspective of Nurses (Theoretical work).
HOROVÁ, Petra
The purpose of the dissertation Continuous Elimination Methods in Intensive Care in Prospective of Hospital Nurse is to inform about acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. These are major reason to use elimination methods at intensive care units and anesthesiological resuscitation departments. We further determine elimination issues. Continuous elimination methods in intensive care medicine are important medical treatment at acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Particularly, acute kidney injury belongs to frequent complications at critically diseased patients, therefore will be properly discussed. It is afraid, because decreased renal function leads to incapability to excrete waste products of metabolism and sustain homeostasis. Mortality at acute kidney injury is higher than at chronic kidney disease so support or renal replacement therapy, in order to save life, is the only accepted method of choice at present time. The techniques of renal support or replacement therapy are integral part of instensive care medicine. The aim of this thesis is to elaborate latest accessible findings and specialized nursing care at continuous elimination methods. Ve have tried to create integrated, comprehensible summary of knowledge of this topic. We expect these findings are fundamental to high-quality nursing at patients with this disorder. The dissertation was conducted as a method of review and synthesis. As long as this part is purely theoretical-based, it gathers informations from czech and also foreign sources. The data was acquired from scientific publications, technical papers, monographs and web. The outcome of this work can be used for further research of this topic or contribute to resource information for paramedical staff. In the thesis we analyze acute kidney injury, briefly chronic kidney disease, then we proceed through the history of dialysis and its specifications. These are closely explained. We focus on technical aspect of various elimination methods, the division, indication to initation, advantage and disadvantage, vascular access will also be described. The possibilities of anticoagulation have been defined, the types of membrane hemofiltrates and dialysators, substitutional and dialysing solutions have been characterized, the need of dietary measures has been emphasized. The complications that can happen during the use of elimination method have not been left out of consideration. We describe the intensive care units, nurse competencies, their work, monitoration, patients' and elimination unit preparation and vascular access care.
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Awareness of the care of urostomy patients among general nurses.
HOROVÁ, Petra
The aim of the thesis was to find out how informed nurses were on the care about urostomy patients, whether nurses had experience with urostomies, knew aids used for urostomy patients and mastered the correct urostomy care techniques. 4 hypotheses were set for these goals. H1: Nurses working at various departments have personal experience with urostomy patients, was confirmed. H2: Nurses know available aids for urostomy patients, was not confirmed. H3: Nurses are able use the aids for urostomy patients, was confirmed. H4: Nurses master the correct technique of caring about urostomy patients, was not conformed. We chose quantitative research by means of an anonymous questionnaire performed at various clinics of the Faculty Hospital Královské Vinohrady in Prague as the research method to achieve the goals and confirm the hypotheses.
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