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Values of accumulation of Tc-99m-DMSA in kidneys of children
HOMOLKOVÁ, Markéta
Scintigraphic examination of the kidneys and urinary tract allow you to get a lot of information about the condition of the urinary tract. The main contribution of nuclear medicine today is the ability to do a precise quantitative assessment of the various functions of the kidneys and urinary tract. Currently for static scintigraphy and renal SPECT uses the nuclear medicine Tc-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid or DMSA. For children is being used Tc-99m-DMSA activity of at least 20 MBq. Static scintigraphy is usually performed to demonstrate acute pyelonephritis. In such a renal disease arises one or more bearings with reduced accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical, wherein the scar appears as a wedge-shaped defect, which has regular edges and kidney loses its volume. Another illness diagnosed by static scintigraphy is hypoplastic kidney, which has a smooth outer edge without defects in the crust. The above diagnostic method is also used to evaluate local changes in the transplanted kidney. The practical part of this work was to answer the following questions: "What is the normal accumulation of Tc-99m-DMSA in kidneys for children?" I got the answer through the exploration and evaluation of the results from a static scintigraphy examination of the reference group of 28 kidney of children done by Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Ceske Budejovice. The reference data set was collected from September 2014 to March 2015 and consist of patients aged 0 18 years. The physician determined the patients without abnormal kidney or focal renal impairment to be selected for the reference group. I worked with the renal scintigraphy program, typing in specifying data about each individual patient and subsequently plotting areas of interest on the right and the left kidney for each of them. This program evaluated the percentage of accumulation of Tc-99m-DMSA in each kidney. Such a data I enrolled into a Microsoft Excel table and used statistical calculations to determine the normal accumulation of Tc-99-DMSA in child kidney. For statistical evaluation was used the formula for the average, standard deviation and percentiles. From the thus processed values may be noted that the normal value of accumulation of Tc-99m-DMSA child kidney ranges from 10.9% to 32.9%.

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