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Changes in Ion Exchanger Catalysts after More than 10 Year Time-on-Stream
Jeřábek, Karel ; Hanková, Libuše ; Holub, Ladislav ; Slavík, H.
In this contribution will be reported results of examination of a series of industrial ion exchanger catalysts samples exposed to the environment of catalytic reactor in process of esterification of acrylic acid with methanol for more than 10 years. There was evaluated their acid capacity, swelling and using inverse steric exclusion chromatography (ISEC) also their morphology in water-swollen state. For comparison, similarly were evaluated also reference samples of the same but virgin ion exchangers.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22012102413430 - PDF
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Adict, the Therapeutic Community and Art Therapy.
HOLUB, Ladislav
Thesis is about Possibilities of Roznov Art Therapy in Therapeutic Community. An Addiction {--} Illness or Symptom. The Typical Art Exhibition of Drug User- Exist or Not Exist? Thesis Concludes Three Casuistries (Typical for Drug Users in Therapeutic Community). Artifacts Interpretation. The Art and Art Therapeutic Programme of These Clientele.
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Catalysts for Biodiesel Production from Low-Grade Raw Materials
Jeřábek, Karel ; Holub, Ladislav ; Hanková, Libuše
In the biodiesel production from low-cost materials containing free fatty acids could be for their esterification used ion exchanger catalysts. They lower amount of the produced wastes and as heterogeneous catalysts they allow carrying the process in flow-through reactor. However, their application properties strongly depend on the methanol concentration in the reaction mixture and the character of this influence is different for different morphologies of the ion exchanger polymer skeleton. Good knowledge of these effects is important for optimization of the production process.
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Vliv parciální neutralizace na katalytickou aktivitu ionexů
Holub, Ladislav ; Hanková, Libuše ; Jeřábek, Karel
Concentration of acid centers in a commercional ion exchanger catalyst was controlled by partial neutralization of sulfonic groups with various primary, secondary and tertiary amines of different molecular size. The efect of acid centres concentration on the activity of ion exchanger catalyst was tested by measurements of initial reaction rate of reesterification of ethyacetate with methanol in a CSTR-type reactor. There was found that the slope of the dependence of the catalyrtic activity on the degree of the resin neutralization strongly depends on the amine basicity.
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