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Návrh ochrany půdy před vodní erozí v katastrálním území Stanislavice
Glac, Mateusz
Erosion is a global problem, which threatens one of the most valuable natural riches of the world, the soil. Erosion is a natural process that has been existing since the very be-ginning; this process is characterized by eroding the soil surface, transporting the soil particles, and the subsequent sedimentation of these particles. In its natural form, ero-sion does not present a big problem, since there are small losses of soil particles, which are sufficiently completed by newly formed particles from the subsoil. The real problem is identified in accelerated erosion which is caused by environment unfriendly human intervention in nature and landscape. In the Czech Republic, around 50 % of arable land is exposed to water erosion. In most cases, it is still a consequence of the collective farming period, when bounds, hedgerows or alleys were ploughed. It is important to be aware of the fact that this situ-ation is not viable for a long period and that it needs solution. The submitted thesis that is divided into two parts focuses on the matter of water erosion in the cadastral area of Stanislavice. The first part, which is theoretical, deals with a review of literature that generally discusses the concept of erosion, its division, causes, consequences, and possible anti-erosion measures. The second part is related to the practice and it is particularly linked to the erosion issue in the cadastral area of Stani-slavice. It also involves an analysis of the current situation and conditions in the cadas-tral area of Stanislavice, using the Wischmeier-Smith equation that defines the degree of land erosion risks. In the conclusion, appropriate erosion control measures are designed in order to diminish the erosion rate.
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Ohrožení zemědělských půd vodní erozí v katastrálním území Stanislavice
Glac, Mateusz
Erosion is a global problem that has been occurring for a long time. In the Czech Republic the main type of erosion is the water erosion, 50 % of the land is affected by it. Erosion can be described as a natural process, which results from the effect of various factors eroding the soil surface, transport of soil particles and the subsequent establishment. This process causes the degradation of land that is described as soil degradation. The erosion can appear in different places. For example, in the agricultural soils that are not cultivated the erosion it is not paid attention because it has a soft effect and often not harmful, however, in the agricultural soils that are cultivated, where the erosion can be really dangerous, it is necessary to pay attention to it. In this bachelor thesis a study related to the water erosion in the cadastral of Stanislavice is carried out. In the first part of my thesis the erosion is described, a bibliographic review is presented, providing the general concept of erosion, its division, the causes of it, and its possible consequences. In the second part a description of the current status and conditions of the water erosion in the cadastral of Stanislavice is listed. The following part of my thesis is related to the analysis of the different factors after having used the Wischmeier-Smith equation. These factors have been calculated for the long-term loss of soil caused by water erosion. At the end, the resulting values from the Wischmeier-Smith equation have been used to determine the degree of soil erosion for individual plots.
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