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Home parenteral nutrition during a day and night regime
Fidlerová, Karolína ; Meisnerová, Eva (advisor) ; Staněk, Ivo (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with home parenteral nutrition in the day and night regime and its effect on patients. Parenteral nutrition is usually administered at night so that patients can do normal daily activities and so that nutrition administered in this way has the least impact on their lives. Parenteral nutrition is not a physiological route of nutrient administration and it is not natural for the human body to process nutrients at night. The first part of the theoretical work presents parenteral nutrition and its composition, indications, contraindications and complications. The next part of the thesis describes home parenteral nutrition and its organisation which is necessary for this form of nutritional support to be implemented. It is necessary to monitor many laboratory values on parenteral nutrition, the theoretical part specifically mentions cholesterol, triacylglycerols, glycemia or liver function tests. One of the important parts is the chapter about circadian rhythms, hormones and metabolic changes in energy intake at night. Qualitative research was chosen for this work, which involved 17 patients on home parenteral nutrition. These patients were getting their nutrition during the night. Their laboratory values such as liver function tests, glycaemia and blood fats was evaluated and...
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Nutrition of diabetics in a retirement home
FIDLEROVÁ, Karolína
This bachelor's thesis deals with a diet of seniors with diabetes in a retirement home. Two goals have been set, to evaluate how diet in a retirement home suits biological needs of diabetics and also to evaluate nutritional and energy intake of seniors - diabetics. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part deals with the old age and with the physiological changes that occur during it. Another important topics are type 1 and type 2 diabetes, their diagnosis, complications and treatment. This part is concluded by a recommendation for nutrition during old age. I chose qualitative research for this work in which 10 seniors participated. I was recording their food and drink intake for one week. I subsequently used the data recorded for a calculation in the Nutriservis Professional program. I used the data about height, weight and age and I calculated the need for energy and nutrients using the Harris-Benedict equation. I compared the intake of energy and nutrients with their calculated need and current recommendations for diabetes and nutrition for the elderly. The work also incorporates a semi-structured interview about eating habits, food in the retirement home, eating difficulties, etc. The research showed that menus in the retirement home in most of the observed criteria did not meet the needs and recommendations for the seniors with diabetes. The energy and the nutrients intake varied greatly among different days. Most of the clients had higher energy and nutrients intake, but some of them received less than their basal need. There was a lack of protein in some diets of seniors which is very risky for people of this age. The work could be used as a teaching material for dietitians or as a tool for creating menus for retirement homes.
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