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Comparison of level total cholesterol in serum for residents from Pilsen and Czech Budweis provided similar eating habits
 FRAITOVÁ, Lucie
Measuring cholesterol is considered as a screening test used primarily to determine cardiovascular risk and monitoring lipid-lowering therapy. Since this is a screening examination, there is a need for further laboratory tests - the lipid profile (HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides). Patients who get examined as a part of lipid-lowering therapy should follow a diet. These patiens need to be examined more frequently. Population of Czech Republic is considered at risk of early occurrence of atherosclerosis and its complications. Every year in the Czech Republic nearly 60 000 people die from cardiac and vascular disease. Cardiovascular disease increasingly affects younger age group. They are also a cause of disability of people of working age. One of the main indicators is high level of cholesterol. Accurate and precise measurement of blood cholesterol plays a role in the reduction of morbidity and mortality of people with cardio vascular disease. The aim of this thesis is to: 1) Measure the total cholesterol sample population of Plzeň and České Budějovice 2) Compare and find differences in serum total cholesterol in both locations In the theoretical part of the thesis I was interested in what foods increase cholesterol and what foods can reduce high cholesterol. Furthermore, the theoretical part describes diseases that may occur during hypercholesterolemia. The basic ones include atherosclerosis and its complications, which include heart disease or stroke. Preanalytical factor that may significantly affect laboratory tests are described in this part too. The practical part describes everything from an intake of biological material in the laboratory through the preparation (centrifugation, creating aliquots) to insertion of a secondary sample into the analytical device. Research for the thesis was conducted in the biochemical laboratory of synlab czech s.r.o. in České Budějovice. In this part I investigate ? under supervision ? a total of 100 samples of venous blood from people of Plzeň and České Budějovice. I determined the total cholesterol in serum. Cobas Integra 800 automatic biochemical analyzer was used for the examination of the biological material. In routine practice enzymatic methods are used to determine levels of cholesterol. Cholesterol esters are converted by cholesterol esterase into free cholesterol and fatty acids. Free cholesterol is oxidized by cholesterol oxidase to form cholestenone and hydrogen peroxide. The resultant hydrogen peroxide reacts with 4-aminoantipyrine and phenol to form a red color and water. The color intensity is directly proportional to the concentration of cholesterol and is measured by absorption spectrophotometry at 512 nm.Measured laboratory results were statistically processed and neatly sorted into tables and graphs using the computer program. Data from Plzeň and České Budějovice were sorted according to gender and evaluated using graphs. The data sets were then compared to each other and the difference in cholesterol levels was registered. All the results are in the table and graphs. Hypercholesterolemia was detected in 29 samples from Plzeň and 27 from České Budějovice.
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