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Knowledge and attitudes of adolescents towards healthy eating
Fajmonová, Simona ; Kytnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Daňková, Martina (referee)
The theoretical part of the diploma thesis deals with specific nutritional needs and the concept of healthy nutrition during period of adolescence. Knowledge and attitudes are constantly evolving in period of adolescence and can also be negatively affected in many ways (most often through media), so emphasis is placed on the risks of excessive or inadequate intake of energy and nutrients. A special chapter deals with eating disorders. The paper analyses individual categories of the food pyramid in detail, focusing on needs and pitfalls related to adolescents. The practical part of the diploma thesis focuses on mapping of the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents towards healthy nutrition. Main aims of this work were to compare the knowledge of adolescents about healthy nutrition, depending on the currently studied school and age (in this work was compared the younger group aged 13−15 with the older group aged 17− 19). Another aim of the work was to investigate the relationship between the attitude towards healthy nutrition and the sex and also the difference in attitudes between the two adolescent age categories. The used methodology was a questionnaire survey. From mid-February to the end of March 2017, data was collected at schools in the Central Bohemia Region, specifically in the town of...
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Nutrition of pregnant - reccomendation and reality
FAJMONOVÁ, Simona
For my bachelor thesis I have chosen the theme : Nutrition of pregnant women recommendations and reality. The theoretical part includes the specifics of nutrition in preconception period and pregnancy, risk groups of pregnant women, high-risk behavior and a chapter about dietary supplementation in pregnancy. Pregnancy is an important period in a woman's life. The changes that accompany pregnancy also impose increased demands on the supply of the body with nutrients. I have chosen the method of a survey for the processing of the research part of my thesis. The practical part includes the results of the survey, which was attended by 80 women in the 7th-9th month of pregnancy. The questionnaire asked for basic information besides the weight, height and weight gain in pregnancy, also eating habits, fluid intake, inadequate habits (alcohol, smoking), use of dietary supplements, awareness of pregnant women and their physical activity. The questionnaires were processed in Microsoft Excel using tables and graphs. All collected pieces of information about dietary habits were compared with the recommendations for pregnant women. The aim of this thesis was to find out what is the reality of eating habits of pregnant women compared with recommendations. Another aim was to determine, whether pregnant women are well informed about the nutrition recommendations during their pregnancy and where they get the information from. Further aim was to explore, whether pregnant women use nutritional supplements before or during pregnancy and what kind of them. The last aim was to determine some of the bad habits during pregnancy (e.g. alcohol , smoking). The results of the questionnaire survey showed that by the majority of pregnant women the reality and recommendations coincided in water intake and beverage preference. Most of them preferred water or tea. Coffee consumption was also by the majority of them problem-free. Eating meat and eggs corresponded with the recommendations for a large group of respondents. As for legumes, fish and fish products, their consumption corresponded with the recommendations by only about half of the women. Eating fruits and vegetables were in the majority of pregnant women unfortunately insufficient as well as the consumption of milk and dairy products, nuts and seeds. It would be very appropriate to increase consumption of these groups of food. Conversely, the consumption of sausages and sweets, which turned out to be more frequent, should be reduced . Most women were well informed about the nutrition recommendations during their pregnancy, in most cases from the media or pregnancy counseling from a doctor. Here, I would suggest creating a website for pregnant women offering really reliable information. Nutritional supplements related to pregnancy were used by about half of the respondents. Only less than a half of the surveyed women supplemented folic acid in preconception period. I would suggest to create some information leaflets about the suitability of folic acid supplementation in preconception period and place them in the gynecological outpatient's clinics . Pregnant women ordinarily didn't smoke and consume alcohol. Occasional alcohol consumption stated 14 % of women. It seems that women are informed enough about the risk of smoking and alcohol consumption.
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