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Vitreoretinal interface in relation to surgery on macular disorders
Kalvoda, Jan ; Dušková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Dotřelová, Dagmar (referee) ; Rozsíval, Pavel (referee)
1 Abstract Introduction The vitreoretinal (VR) interface of the eye is a dynamically evolving environment which significantly influences and indicates the course of macular disorders. The main topic of the presented paper is research on the VR interface in relation to surgery on diabetic macular edema (ME), partial macular defects (PMD) and idiopathic macular holes (IMH). Aims The aims of the research were to find out new knowledge about specific characteristics of and changes in the VR interface in eyes with diabetic ME, PMD and IMH, namely with main attention focused on the internal limiting membrane (ILM) of the retina and the epimacular membrane (EMM). Methods Histopathologic and morphometric analyses were carried out on samples of the ILM of the retina and the EMM which were taken during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) of eyes of sets of patients with diabetic ME, PMD and IMH. The analytic results were statistically evaluated and interpreted in relation to clinical factors and anatomical results of the PPV. Results Treatment of diabetic ME with removal of the ILM resulted in improved visual acuity (VA), at minimum 2 lines on the ETDRS table, in 51.8% surgically treated eyes and remained the same in 33.9% of eyes. A comparison study confirmed that PPV with preserving of the ILM achieved a long-term...
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Correlation of Immunohistochemical and Molecular Methods in Diagnostics of Salivary Gland Tumors
Horáková, Markéta ; Skálová, Alena (advisor) ; Laco, Jan (referee) ; Dušková, Jaroslava (referee)
This doctoral thesis is dealing with the correlation of morphological, immunohistochemical and genetical findings in malignant tumors of salivary glands. The first half of the thesis comprises the summary of current knowledge about salivary malignancies. The second half is presenting the research itself. The research results are divided into three parts. The first part is presenting the method of "2-step diagnostic test" of malignant tumors. This screening test aims to find new, so far not described gene aberrations with a focus on malignant tumors of salivary glands. This method takes place in two consecutive steps. In the first step the material is examined by an immunohistochemical mixture of antibodies, which non-specifically detects aberration in the genes NTRK1-3, ALK and ROS1. In the second step all positive cases are subjected to highly sensitive and specific molecular-genetic examination by the method of next generation sequencing (NGS) using the Archer kit. In the second part of the work there has been designed the approach to the cytological diagnosis of salivary secretory carcinoma by the fine-needle aspiration (FNA). This part is describing to the details the cytomorphology of secretory carcinoma in both, Pap smears and cell blocks, from which additional immunocytochemical and genetic...
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Effect of stress on the expression of some neuropeptides and their receptors in the heart and CNS, by using biochemical and immunofluorescent procedures
Škopek, Petr ; Klenerová, Věra (advisor) ; Dušková, Jaroslava (referee) ; Okruhlicová, Ľudmila (referee)
Introduction and aim: Investigation of neuropeptides became in the center of research activities due to extensive peripheral and central modulatory effects of these peptides and due to their possible therapeutic use. Our laboratory is involved in the study of oxytocin (OT) and its analogs under physiological state and under stress, our studies ranged from the molecular- biological to behavioral studies. The aim of this work was the study of central regulatory role of OT and its analogs together with newly discovered neuropeptides galanin and galanin like peptide in the hypophysis. Recently, OT was included into the cardiovascular hormones. The aim of this work was also the study of OT, Gal, GalLP and their receptors in the heart under physiological state and under stress. Central effects of neuropeptides we tested in the behavioral studies. Another aim was synthesis of Gal, GalLP and its analogs and chimeric molecule of oxytocin with flurescent marker. Methods: We elaborated methods for immunofluorescent estimation of expression of neuropep- tides and their receptors, Western blot procedure and method of RT qPCR for the expression of mRNA of estimated genes. We used behavioral tests to detect central effects of peptides. We used acute stress developed in our lab. Peptides and chimera with...
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Vitreoretinal interface in relation to surgery on macular disorders
Kalvoda, Jan ; Dušková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Dotřelová, Dagmar (referee) ; Rozsíval, Pavel (referee)
1 Abstract Introduction The vitreoretinal (VR) interface of the eye is a dynamically evolving environment which significantly influences and indicates the course of macular disorders. The main topic of the presented paper is research on the VR interface in relation to surgery on diabetic macular edema (ME), partial macular defects (PMD) and idiopathic macular holes (IMH). Aims The aims of the research were to find out new knowledge about specific characteristics of and changes in the VR interface in eyes with diabetic ME, PMD and IMH, namely with main attention focused on the internal limiting membrane (ILM) of the retina and the epimacular membrane (EMM). Methods Histopathologic and morphometric analyses were carried out on samples of the ILM of the retina and the EMM which were taken during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) of eyes of sets of patients with diabetic ME, PMD and IMH. The analytic results were statistically evaluated and interpreted in relation to clinical factors and anatomical results of the PPV. Results Treatment of diabetic ME with removal of the ILM resulted in improved visual acuity (VA), at minimum 2 lines on the ETDRS table, in 51.8% surgically treated eyes and remained the same in 33.9% of eyes. A comparison study confirmed that PPV with preserving of the ILM achieved a long-term...
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