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Causes and symptoms of psychological changes at puerpera
DEJMKOVÁ, Daniela
The topics of the bachelor's thesis are causes and symptoms of mental changes during puerperium. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part describes physical changes in puerperium, the transformation of the social field and finally the mental changes. The next part is dedicated to midwives, their competences and tasks during these periods of a women's life. The practical research part focuses on women in puerperium and their experiences, which could have influenced mental changes during puerperium, as well as on the role of a midwife in this period. On the basis of this we set down three goals: 1. to find if women perceive mental changes during puerperium and if they are ready for these changes. 2. find out how a woman in puerperium perceives help given by midwives and in which area is the help provided the most. 3. define what kind of impact has the place and the way of the childbirth on a woman in puerperium. We used a method of half-structured interviews. Research sample was a group of ten mothers in puerperium. For more interesting results we decided to compare cases of mothers from The Czech Republic and Austria, where the care system is slightly different. Information gained from the interviews were analysed qualitatively. All three goals, were fullfilled. All women in puerperium are aware of mental changes, primiparas more than women who gave birth twice of more. Manifestations of these changes are mainly slight mood swings from euphoria to tears, in severe cases, sadness, self-blaming and distress. The differences in the experiences of women who give birth in The Czech Republic and Austria surprised us. A Czech woman meets the midwife especially in the delivery room or in the postpartum department. Austrian mothers meet with private midwives in hospitals and almost always in pregnancy or maternity counseling center, in the courses of antepartum preparation or in private, especially during the postpartum period when are visited by midwives at their homes. Their help is mainly in teaching how to nourish and care about newborn. We confirms that a midwife can significantly influence the mental comfort of puerperas when with her approach she strengthen the self-confidence in the woman who she works with, both during pregnancy, delivery and postpartum. We are finding out that an incidence of complications and fear of women in the period around birth has a bigger impact than the location of birth. In the end this thesis has been recommended for use during seminars and lectures for the professional public, primarily midwives, but it is also recommend for the general public. Another option is a publication in the journal.
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