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International development aid and assistance
Cimrová, Michaela ; Půlpán, Karel (advisor) ; Sojka, Milan (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is chart to the development and the level of international development assistance from beginning to the present. The thesis is divided into the six main chapters. The first chapter which specifies and characterizes official development assistance is followed by the historical analysis summarizing development of main trends and institutions. The next part deals with development of financial flows moving to developing countr ies and is focused especially on period of thirty years since the end of 1960s to the end of 1990s. The forth chapter describes the most important international oraganizations which act in the area of development cooperation. The fifth part presents question of effectiveness of external assistance, what is the role of government and institutional environment for efficient resaults of assistance in developing countries. Finally, there is an assessment of development of aid and considering its role at the present time. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Energy taxation as an environmental policy instrument
Cimrová, Michaela ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kracík, Jiří (referee)
The recent trend of the environment protection leads to introduction of new policy instruments to reach given goals. The most effective seem to be incentive-based instruments as taxes on energy products and electricity because they efficiently influence consumer and producer behaviour in order to mitigate energy consumption. This thesis is motivated by increasing requirements of implementing such environmental policy into individual tax systems. Energy taxation increases prices of the products, thus leads to the lower energy consumption and the emission abatement. Moreover, if additional revenues are used to cut existing distorting taxes, other positive effects can be reached. This will be discussed as the question of double dividend hypothesis. In the Czech Republic, the year 2008 denoted an important milestone when new taxes on solid fuels, gas and electricity were introduced as the first phase of ecological tax reform. The trend of introduction of new ecological taxes plays an important role not only for producers and providers but also for households since it brings a few pitfalls in the form of significant price regulation. The effectiveness of energy taxation and its distributional, macroeconomic and social welfare effects will be assessed. The general equilibrium analysis follows to show the major...
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Energy taxation as an environmental policy instrument
Cimrová, Michaela ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kracík, Jiří (referee)
The recent trend of the environment protection leads to introduction of new policy instruments to reach given goals. The most effective seem to be incentive-based instruments as taxes on energy products and electricity because they efficiently influence consumer and producer behaviour in order to mitigate energy consumption. This thesis is motivated by increasing requirements of implementing such environmental policy into individual tax systems. Energy taxation increases prices of the products, thus leads to the lower energy consumption and the emission abatement. Moreover, if additional revenues are used to cut existing distorting taxes, other positive effects can be reached. This will be discussed as the question of double dividend hypothesis. In the Czech Republic, the year 2008 denoted an important milestone when new taxes on solid fuels, gas and electricity were introduced as the first phase of ecological tax reform. The trend of introduction of new ecological taxes plays an important role not only for producers and providers but also for households since it brings a few pitfalls in the form of significant price regulation. The effectiveness of energy taxation and its distributional, macroeconomic and social welfare effects will be assessed. The general equilibrium analysis follows to show the major...
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International development aid and assistance
Cimrová, Michaela ; Půlpán, Karel (advisor) ; Sojka, Milan (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is chart to the development and the level of international development assistance from beginning to the present. The thesis is divided into the six main chapters. The first chapter which specifies and characterizes official development assistance is followed by the historical analysis summarizing development of main trends and institutions. The next part deals with development of financial flows moving to developing countr ies and is focused especially on period of thirty years since the end of 1960s to the end of 1990s. The forth chapter describes the most important international oraganizations which act in the area of development cooperation. The fifth part presents question of effectiveness of external assistance, what is the role of government and institutional environment for efficient resaults of assistance in developing countries. Finally, there is an assessment of development of aid and considering its role at the present time. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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