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Molecular interactions of Staphylococcus aureus with the host
Cabrnochová, Marie ; Melter, Oto (advisor) ; Vopálenský, Václav (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to summarize S. aureus interactions with selected mechanisms of innate host immunity especially interactions with neutrophils and processes on the cell level which lead to host colonization. S. aureus surface proteins MSCRAMM interact with host cell surface proteins such as fibrinogen, keratin and thereby mediate adhesion to the host cell, which is an essential point for colonization of the host cell. The central mechanism of innate immunity against any S. aureus infection is the interaction of the pathogen with neutrophils, which produce neutrophil extracellular traps and phagocytes S. aureus cells. A crucial role in the elimination of bacterial cells in the phagosome of neutrophils is lysis by the antimicrobial peptides and degradation of bacterial biomolecules by the oxygen radicals. S. aureus defence mechanisms against action of immune system are considered to be virulence factors, due to its contribution to the establishment of the infection. These mechanisms are based on cell wall modification, inhibition of neutrophil chemotaxis, and production of enzymes that inhibit the effect of antimicrobial peptides, lysozyme, oxygen and nitrogen radicals. Expression of virulence factors of a particular S. aureus strain and host-specific risk factors can lead through successful...
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