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Comparison of water bugs fauna in the landscape affected by mining in year 2016
Bubeníková, Jitka ; Vrabec, Vladimír (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
The thesis compares the composition of water bugs fauna in the foreland of Bílina surface mine and the reclaimed area of its waste heaps. The first part provides information about surface coal mining, its impact on the environment and the methods of treatment of thus disturbed land through reclamation and succession. Fauna of water bugs (Heteroptera) is characterized, with focus on water bugs from Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha infraorders.
During 2016, water bugs were collected by a sieve in 15 locations of the reclaimed area of Radovesice waste dump and Pokrok waste dump, and in 16 locations of Bílina foreground. Bugs were killed by 75% alcohol on the site and in dry condition categorised and classified. A list of found species was prepared for individual tanks. In total, 26 taxa were found (21 of them were classified as species), of which 18 taxa (14 species) in the foreground and 17 taxa (14 species) in the area of the waste heaps. In the richest habitats, an occurrence of 7 species at most was detected. The most frequently represented species was Nepa cinerea which was found in 9 locations.
The main objective of the thesis was to confirm/refute the hypothesis: Due to the good dispersion capability of water bugs, the representation of species in the foreland is the same as the species composition in the tanks that were newly established in the reclaimed area. The species similarity of individual locations was compared with each other by Jaccard's environmental index. Often, the value was 0% and only a small number of pairs of the compared locations reached the value of approximately 50% of the Jaccard's index. The highest value of 71.4% was found during comparison of locations Syčivka-Hetov in the area of Radovesice waste dump. Although the same number (14) of species of water bugs was recorded in the foreground and in the reclaimed area of Bílina surface mine, a significant difference was observed in their species composition. The species similarity of the two designated areas was only 33.3%. Based on the results, the hypothesis was refuted.
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