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Cultural competences of nurses in intensive nursing care
BALOUNOVÁ, Lucie
The goal of this thesis with the name "Cultural Competence of Nurses in Intensive Nursing Care" is to analyze the cultural competence of intensive nursing care. Based on this topic, two questions have been created: "What is the cultural competence of nurses in intensive nursing care" and "Which cultural challenges do nurses face in intensive nursing care?" The theoretical part of this thesis focuses on the characteristics of multicultural nursing care, defining basic concepts that are associated with this topic. It also describes various nursing care models about multicultural nursing care, along with communication and the challenges associated with specific minorities. There is also a chapter that focuses on the characteristics of intensive care and the specifics of communication with patients. The empirical part of this thesis was written in a qualitative form, comprising of interviews that gathered data based on thirty-two questions and a few sub-questions. The introduction had three questions collecting personal information of the interviewees, then another twenty-nine questions followed with thirteen sub-questions that focused on the nursing care of patients of minority groups, the specifics of transcultural nursing care, educating nurses about this topic and how much experience did they have with this topic. If necessary, further questions were asked. The whole interview was done so that it would be able to provide answers to our study questions that were made ahead of time and to also provide a picture of how nurses handle intensive care in patients of minority groups. We asked a total of ten general nurses who at the time of this study worked in intensive care, either at a department of anesthesiology and resuscitation, intensive care department or intermediate care. The interviews were then processed with open code and coloring text. In order to make the results of the study easier to understand, they have been divided and presented into four categories and ten subcategories. The categories clearly describe the experiences and thoughts of nurses. The results provide a holistic view on transcultural nursing care in intensive care. Based on this study, transcultural nursing care is becoming even more significant in today's society and it is important to not just focus on the education of nurses regarding this topic, but also to teach foreign languages, because language barriers are one of the most common obstacles nurses must face. This work may serve as educational material not just for students of healthcare professions, but also for nurses working in intensive care. The results alone point to shortcomings and problems associated with providing a culturally competent care and may contribute to improving this specific topic.
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Experience of nurses with aggressive behaviour of clients in care homes
BALOUNOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis aims to investigate experiences with aggressive behaviour among nurses in care homes. Bearing this aim in mind, we have formulated three research questions: "What kind of aggressive behaviour do the nurses experience from their clients?", "What strategies do the nurses use to prevent the aggressive behaviour of their clients?", and "What strategies do the nurses use to deal with the aggressive behaviour of the clients?" The empirical part of the thesis is based on a qualitative research, for which we used semi-structured interviews. As a basis for these interviews, we have used 30 questions in total. From these questions, the first three were used to determine the identification data of the respondents. If needed, the respondents were also asked other, supplementary questions. The questions are contained in the thesis as Appendix 1. The questions were designed to investigate the experiences of nurses with aggression from their clients. The main focus of the questions was to investigate the treatment of aggressive clients, prevention and causes of aggression, consequences of aggression for the psychic wellbeing of the nurses, and the awareness of the nurses about the given topic. The research group consisted of 7 nurses, which were employed by different care homes. The interviews were analysed by the open coding method, namely by text colouring. For better clarity, the results of the analysis are divided into individual categories and subcategories. These categories describe the individual experiences and attitudes of the nurses. The results provide a complex view of taking care of aggressive clients in care homes. Our research shows that each of the nurses has encountered aggression from their clients, which has been mostly verbal. The nurses also claim that they deal with the aggression mostly individually, based on their previous experiences with the client and they also employ several prevention techniques.
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Evaluate the reproductive performance of the Wallachian sheep
BALOUNOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the level of reproductive performance of the Wallachian sheep in the flock of sheep bred by Jan Vejčík. At first the following parameters were evaluated in 457 ewes during the period 2007 - 2011: fertilization, fertility, reproduction intensity, total rearing, infertility, rearing of lambs born and total mortality of lambs. Then, using statistical methods, frequency of litters and effect of age on fertility of ewes were evaluated and the identified parametres were compared with the flocks originating from the Union of sheep and goats of the Czech Republic. Finally, the economy sales for slaughter lambs depending on fertility was assessed. The mean fertility of the flock of sheep reached 171, 77 % and the percentage of fertilization was 92, 54 %. Total breeding flock was 143, 19 %. Seven percent of the sheep was infertile, which is directly influenced by the intensity of reproduction (158,93 %). Mortality of lambs was 10, 03 % and thus survival rate of lambs was 89,97 %. The study shows that the longer the period of existence of a farm is, the higher the fertility of ewes is (almost 179 % in 2011). Also an increasing tendency of the number of sheep twins was recorded during the study (59 twins in 2011). This indicates good welfare of the animals and generally good health of the flock. Ewes reached the highest fertility at the age of 5 to 7 years. The indicators of fertility, reproduction and total intensity of rearing showed significant differences when compared with the flocks originating from the Union of sheep and goats of the Czech Republic. Significantly higher fertility, reproduction and overall intensity was achieved in the monitored flock The difference was not statistically significant (p > 0,05) except for the fertilization parameter. Sales for slaughter lambs per ewe were affected by the share of reactive sheep and total lamb mortality, this effect was, however, only about 20 % of the total dependency. Disregarding the overall mortality of lambs and reactive sheep, it would be true that higher fertility is in direct proportion with sales for slaughter lambs.
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Benefits of Assistance in Material Need around the Region Týn nad Vltavou
BALOUNOVÁ, Lucie
The work incorporates social help into the system of social security, defines cocepts and addresses the generosity of the system when evaluating benefits before and after the social reform. The theoretical section defines three basic pillars of social security, defines social help from the perspective of function, scope and generosity of the system and furthermore defines the concepts which closely correspond to the given probleme. The practical section presents the state when evaluating, benefits before 2007, that is before the social reform, and when evaluating the state after 2007. It focuses on the question whether the ammendment brought the wanted positive effect, if the new measure motivates the tendency to actively search for employment or accept lower paying positions and whether acitve people have an advantage over those that do not demonstrate activity.
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