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Efficiency of vocational retraining for long term unemployed job-seekers
BEČVÁŘOVÁ, Klára
Unemployment is a long term problem of the present society. For many people, finding a new job is complicated because of some kind of handicap. Such handicaps include age, gender, lack of qualification, or even belonging to certain minority group. In these cases, people remain unemployed for a longer time, which leads to further devaluation of the human capital. Employment offices try to help their job-seekers using active employment policy instruments. This paper is then focused on the vocational retraining instrument in relation to long term unemployed. The objective of the paper is to establish efficiency of vocational retraining and the factors that influence it. The technique of secondary analysis of public documents of the Employment Office in Písek for the period 2005 through 2010 was chosen for the performance of the research. The research has shown that short-term unemployed having secondary education with school-leaving examination (SSLC) and younger age groups (up to 30 years of age) are more often placed in vocational retraining. On the contrary, members of the group of job-seekers with low ? primary education and/or aged over 50 is very rarely placed in vocational retraining. Yet lack of qualification and higher age are risk factors for long term unemployment origination. If these two factors are joined also with very long unemployment (over 1 year), there is a minimum chance to participate in vocational retraining. The positive effects of vocational retraining for long term unemployed include that they have large chance of placement in the labour market within 6 months. Selection for vocational retraining is performed on the basis of cooperation of the labour provision consultant with the job-seeker. Unfortunately, there is noticeable tendency to select rather the less problematic and better motivated job-seekers. Consequently, the approach to clients should change and those who really need help should be targeted.
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The exercise of public administration in healthcare and social area by local self-regulatory autorities
BEČVÁŘOVÁ, Klára
Since 2007, the Act No 108/2006 Coll. on social services, which radically changed the social area, has been in force. A completely new benefit, care allowance, on which the paper is focused, was implemented. The allowance belongs to persons with reduced self-reliance and it is intended for provision of social services that the user needs. Social services can be provided both by registered providers and by private persons. The objective of the paper is to map the groups of citizens who apply for assessment of the degree of dependence and how they use the care allowance. For the performance of the research, the technique of secondary and content analysis of the document files of the Municipal Office in Milevsko for the period January to August 2008 was chosen. The research has shown that the most common recipients of the care allowance are people over 70 years of age, who need assistance of others due to their age and state of health. It has also shown that such assistance is in most cases provided by close persons. This means that the resources expended on care allowance do not return to the registered providers. Some recipients combine private care with registered services, most often with community care service. This occurs mainly at the 1st and 2nd degree of dependence. At the 3rd and 4th degree of dependence, registered providers are more often used. Practice has shown that this Act was a step in the correct direction. At the same time, however, problems have also emerged. These include in particular increasing expenses for social services, failure to use the allowance for social services, some children with serious illnesses who are not eligible for the care allowance. For these reasons, the Act should be amended.
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