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International human trafficking: the Western African dimension
Agyeman, Nana Boatemaa
The primary objective of this research study was to investigate the causative factors of human trafficking in the West African region, with the focus on Ghana and Nigeria. The research methodology used was a qualitative method analysis. The study used an online and well-structured questionnaire that was administered to a hundred and fourteen (114) participants, comprising of Fifty-three (53) Nigerians and sixty-one (61) Ghanaians. A four-point Likert scale was employed to measure the degree of the perceptions of the participants on the causative factors of human trafficking. The descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the research questions. In addition, the t-test statistics was used to test the formulated research hypotheses at a 5% level of signi-ficance (α=0.05). At a decision point of 3, the results of the research study confirmed that the leading and common causative factors of human trafficking in the West African regi-ons are, but not limited to: job scarcity, the inability to meet basic needs of life (poverty) , weak legal framework, and corruption in both high and low places in society. Also, the study confirmed that there is no significant difference in the perceptions of both genders (male and female) in both countries (Ghana and Nigeria) on the causative factors of hu-man trafficking in the region. In addition, the study also confirmed that there is no signi-ficant difference in the perceptions of both nationalities (Ghana and Nigeria) on the po-tential causes of human trafficking in the region. The study ended with possible recom-mendations for both the society and policy makers in West African countries, including - but not limited to: Increasing public education through awareness by media and social programmes on human trafficking, its dangers and identification of the practice, in both urban and rural areas; and adding the discourse of human trafficking in the West African educational system and in school curriculums, starting from the Primary school level.
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