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Cockroaches from Myanmar amber and their phylogenetical relevance
Šmídová, Lucia ; Vršanský, Peter (advisor) ; Wang, Bo (referee) ; Ross, Andrew (referee)
The dissertation presents an analysis of the cockroach fauna preserved in mid-Cretaceous Myanmar amber (98.9 Ma) also known as Burmese or Kachin amber. This study is key to understanding the evolutionary history of this insect order and brings new details in resolving the phylogeny of cockroaches. The work also reveals that most genera are known exclusively from Burmese amber. Certain genera are found to a lesser extent at other world sites, within Laurasia and Gondwana. 76 species described from Burmese amber demon- strate a remarkable spectrum of ecological and physical specializations, indicating the evolutionary adaptability of cockroaches. The families Alienopteridae and Umenocoleidae exhibit transitional characteristics, suggesting close relationship. The family Liberiblat- tinidae is known from 7 species in 3 genera. The family Blattulidae includes 4 species, with the genus Oceloblattula also found in Lebanese amber. The families Corydiidae and Blattidae exhibit morphological similarities, exemplified by species such as Bubosa poinari. Endemic families such as Manipulatoridae and Fractaliidae have specific ecological roles that were replaced by other insect groups in the course of evolution. The family Mesoblat- tinidae is recorded with six species, including some with preserved oothecae....
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Unusual cockroaches (Blattidae) from Cenomanian Myanmar amber
Šmídová, Lucia ; Vršanský, Peter (advisor) ; Kočárek, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis presents an overview of the extinct representatives of Blattidae, the still living cockroach family. Six already described species, belonging to three genera, have been confirmed. All of them lived during Cenozoic. Eight new morphotypes from Myanmar amber were recognized. Cenomanian Burmite with its exceptional state of preservation, allows a detailed study of the morphology of the inclusions. Six morphototypes belong to the family Blattidae. One morphotype belongs to the derived family Olidae studied herein. One female morphotype belongs to the still living family Ectobiidae, based on the presence of an attached ootheca. The work specifies the previous molecular analysis (J2-K1) and determines the divergence of Blattidae during Early Cretaceous. Any evidence and interpolations before 127Ma is not substantiated. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed Blattidae being parafyletic in respect to the family Olidae. The work emphasizes the need for changes in systematics of the Mesoblattinidae, the stem of the Blattidae. Amber is confirmed as the product of coniferous trees of the Araucariaceae family. Key words: Blattidae, taxonomy, phylogeny, Cenomanian, Myanmar amber
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Unusual cockroaches (Blattidae) from Cenomanian Myanmar amber
Šmídová, Lucia ; Vršanský, Peter (advisor) ; Kočárek, Petr (referee)
The diploma thesis presents an overview of the extinct representatives of Blattidae, the still living cockroach family. Six already described species, belonging to three genera, have been confirmed. All of them lived during Cenozoic. Eight new morphotypes from Myanmar amber were recognized. Cenomanian Burmite with its exceptional state of preservation, allows a detailed study of the morphology of the inclusions. Six morphototypes belong to the family Blattidae. One morphotype belongs to the derived family Olidae studied herein. One female morphotype belongs to the still living family Ectobiidae, based on the presence of an attached ootheca. The work specifies the previous molecular analysis (J2-K1) and determines the divergence of Blattidae during Early Cretaceous. Any evidence and interpolations before 127Ma is not substantiated. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed Blattidae being parafyletic in respect to the family Olidae. The work emphasizes the need for changes in systematics of the Mesoblattinidae, the stem of the Blattidae. Amber is confirmed as the product of coniferous trees of the Araucariaceae family. Key words: Blattidae, taxonomy, phylogeny, Cenomanian, Myanmar amber
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