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Vhodnocení vlivu reprodukce na mléčnou užitkovost dojnic plemene český strakatý skot
ŠVAJLENOVÁ, Kamila
This work on the topic "Evaluation of the effect of reproduction on the milk yield of dairy cows of Czech pied cattle" deals with reproductive indicators that affect the milk yield of dairy cows. These indicators were monitored and evaluated in two different herds in the company JASANKA s.r.o. From both herds were selected 50 cows, in which the reproductive effects on milk yield were determined and subsequently evaluated, and then the herds were compared. The first part of this work deals with the breed Czech pied cattle and his history, reproduction and milk yield of cattle. Further were introduce the company JASANKA s.r.o. and in the last part of this work were introduce the results found in the herds. The first of the monitored indicators was the age at first calving, then the interval, service period, insemination interval, insemination index and reproductive disorders in the herds, and last but not least, recommendations for breeders to improve reproduction and milk yield in the herds. During the study, it was found that the average time of first calving in the given herds is 30-31 months and 26-27 months. The average values of the interval are 399 days and 406 days. The average values of the service period are 117 days and 124 days. Another of the examined effects was the insemination interval, for which the average values were 67.5 days and 74 days. The insemination index is 1.9 in both herds. Were discovered very high values of reproductive disorders and it 90% and 40%. Although the second does not show the best results, in some cases they are worse than the first herd, the level of milk yield is much higher here.
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Kryptosporidiové infekce veverek
ŠVAJLENOVÁ, Kamila
We investigated the Cryptosporidium spp. infecting red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) in 27 areas in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Examination of 157 faecal samples revealed oocysts of Cryptosporidium sp. in 14 animals (21.98%). Phylogenetic analysis of small subunit rRNA, actin and gp60 gene sequences showed the presence of Cryptosporidium infection in 14 animals. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of Cryptosporidium ferret genotype in all positive samples. Three gp60 subtypes, VIIIb, VIIIc and novel subtype VIIIe were detected within screed population of squirrels. The occurrence of Cryptosporidium infection did not differ between the age or sex of animals. Only juvenile animals shed microscopically detectable amount of oocysts. The infection intensity ranged from 100000 to 250000 oocysts per gram. None of the naturally infected squirrels developed clinical signs in the present study. Cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype I obtained from naturally infected Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) in Italy and used for experiments was infectious for mice (Mus musculus; strains SCID, C57BL/6J, CD4-/- and CD8-/-), ferret (Mustela putorius furo) and red squirrels, with a prepatent period of 10, 4, 4, 4, 4 and 11 days post- infection, respectively. Oocysts of the Cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype I measured 5,64 (5,50-5,89) × 5,37 (4,86-5,60) m (shape index 1,05 (1,01-1,14)). All mice strains except SCID clear infection within 8-18 days post-infection. Clinical cryptosporidiosis was observed in SCID mice, ferret and squirrels, but only squirrels suffer severe diarrhoea and the infection was lethal for them. SCID mice represent the suitable laboratory model host for maintenance of Cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype I.
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