|
|
Citizens´ opinions on transplantation of tissues and organs
ŠIMKOVÁ, Soňa
This graduation theses is focused on attitudes of people to tissues and organs transplantations. It is composed of two parts, the first one is theoretical, the other practical. The theoretical part is engaged in the topic of transplantation. It shortly and concisely describes the transplantation from the medical standpoint, then further the general history of transplantations. It mainly focuses on the transplantations from the standpoint of our actual legislation, especially of the Transplantation Act. It also concisely introduces the transplantation legislative in selected countries as well as the transplantations from the standpoint of ethics. In the practical part I used the method of the quantitative research, performed with the help of questionnaires. The data were collected through an anonymous questionnaire. The aim of my work was to show the public awareness of the transplantations and attitudes of people towards the given topic. My research encompasses a description of methodology, an examined sample, outcomes and a discussion about the outcomes. The questionnaire was determined to the Czech citizens of various ages and types of education. Only the lower limit was cut down to the age of eighteen years. Respondents were partly enlisted by the direct questioning, according to their will to cooperate and some of them were enlisted for a consideration of their individual interest through the server vyplnto.cz. The final research sample was made by 526 respondents. There was a preliminary research made with 10 respondents before the actual research to find out if the questions were intelligible. There were two hypotheses set in terms of the research. The first hypotheses claims that the citizens agree to donation of their tissues and organs for their relatives. If I took into account only one particular question investigating the possible agreement to donating tissues or organs for a relative to save her/his life, I couldn´t reject this hypotheses, because the majority of respondents claimed they would donate a tissue or an organ, but this hypotheses was statistically tested through the test of good consensus. This test considers more questions related to a hypotheses. After this test I came to a conclusion that this hypotheses could be rejected, so it is not true that people agree to their donation of tissues and organs to their close persons. The other hypotheses claims that people do not know the principle of presumption of agreement or supposed agreement related to the post-mortem organs and tissues removals. The results of this work show the incomplete knowledge of the Czech citizens related to the topic of transplantations. It is mainly illustrated by the fact that more than one half of respondents never heard about our Transplantation Act and almost 80 % of people think that the public is not well informed. Almost one half of respondents never heard about the principle of supposed agreement, nevertheless the most of them agree to the fact that their organs and tissues should be used for transplantations in case of their sudden death. The results of my graduation hypotheses show the need of better education related to the transplantations. The education should come in various ways. As the most effective I consider the education through the media, furthermore the education in form of leaflets, information brochures and advertisement spots. There should be paper brochures available in medical institutions and seminars and trainings organized for general public. If the age should be taken into account, it would be the best to start the education in the secondary schools.
|
|
|
Motivation to do voluntary work
ŠIMKOVÁ, Soňa
The Bachelor´s thesis deals with the questions related to volunteering, more accurately with the motivation to volunteer. The volunteers are the people who help socially handicapped people not entitled to receive any financial or other support. The motivation to become a volunteer is influenced by many factors to which for example altruistic values, career needs, social relations, etc. belong. The Bachelor´s thesis proposes to find the objectives and needs of the volunteers according to the length of volunteer practice. But in the fact it results from the model of the functional analysis of volunteering of M. Snyder & Associates, which is based on the principle of motivations of a great part of human behaviour based on objectives and needs. The nature of these motives are found through the quantitative research. The data were collected by means of the M. Snyder & Associates questionnaire, which was filled in by 40 respondents, volunteers for companies Fokus České Budějovice and Fokus Tábor, the home hospice Jordán, daily and weekly social welfare institution Klíček, the programme "Pět P" in České Budějovice and the volunteer centre Hestia. The research brought a lot of interesting finding, including preferred as well as dismissive motives. The motive of understanding was the most frequent motive to volunteer, on the contrary, social relations became the least frequent one. There are small differences between the volunteers with differentiated length of volunteering. A long practice oftentimes appears to be the expression of altruistic values related to humanitarian care for the others. Short volunteering experience is more often distinguished by individual personal growth, development and improvement.
|
guest ::
RSS feed.