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Typology and teeth determination of selected mammalian species
Černá, Adéla ; Říhová, Pavla (advisor) ; Pyszko, Martin (referee)
In this bachelor's thesis I am dealing with mammalian teeth. I have focused mainly on the teeth of certain species that are endangered and for which significant levels of illegal trade have been recorded. In selecting the species I focus on, I base my thesis on the analysis of data from the EU-TWIX and CITES Trade Database, which is compiled at the Environmental Forensic Sciences at the Faculty of Science, Charles University. The most endangered species traded include felines, canids and ursids. In this thesis, I mention how teeth can be identified, what an ideal tooth should look like, I describe what a tooth is made of, why teeth are traded at all, what they are used for, and how individual teeth can be confused with other mammal species. I also mention the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species CITES. For this research I have largely used articles from abroad, available on the Web of science. Key words: teeth, mammals, determination
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Plants and Animals Family Covered by CITES in Oriental Medicine .
Galuszková, Ewa ; Klusoňová, Hana (advisor) ; Říhová, Pavla (referee)
Traditional Chinese medicine finds in Czech Republic many fans and this trend is still developing. More and more people are seeking help in Chinese medicine specialists. A large amount of people also uses the TCM preparations as a part of self-medication, as a wide offer of TCM can be found on internet. However, it must be kept in mind that the natural sources are narrow. Some plant and animal species are endangered of dying out mainly because of rising international trade which concerns them. Therefore there is an urgent need to regulate this large international trade and not let to exterminate some plant and animal species. This is the main task of the international organization CITES, which very thoroughly and effectively controls the trade with endangered species, which are registered according to the degree of threat in attachments I, II and III of the CITES agreement. Obviously also the import to EU and the Czech Republic is regulated and under control. From all the companies, which offer the TCM preparations on the Czech web sites, which are mentioned in this assignment, only the Tcmbohemia company (www.tcmbohemia.cz) offers two products which contain plant-ingredients protected by CITES. These are 039 - called "větrem zbořený altán", which contains rhizome of a plant Gastrodia elata and...
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CITES organisms and traditional Chinese medicine
Chromková, Dominika ; Vaněk, Daniel (advisor) ; Říhová, Pavla (referee)
The illegal trade of wildlife animal and plant species is one of the most lucrative crimes in the world. The driving force behind this unfair practice of threatening many species for survival is the largely increasing demand for raw materials used to prepare traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Its medicinal preparations include, among others, organisms with which trade is prohibited or regulated under the CITES convention (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). This international agreement clearly defines the rules of trade of wild species and products thereof, the violation of which is punishable on the basis of the legislation of a particular country. Easily standardized and accurate species identification techniques are needed to make more effective the prosecution of this type of crime. In my bachelor's thesis I am representing a summary and evaluation of DNA identification methods, which are based on the principle of hybridization, polymerase chain reaction or sequencing, including samples with degraded DNA or complex samples containing a mixture of different species. DNA barcoding is currently proven to be an optimal tool to detect the source organisms of Chinese medicine. The text is supplemented by the list of the most commonly confiscated...
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Plants and Animals Family Covered by CITES in Oriental Medicine .
Galuszková, Ewa ; Klusoňová, Hana (advisor) ; Říhová, Pavla (referee)
Traditional Chinese medicine finds in Czech Republic many fans and this trend is still developing. More and more people are seeking help in Chinese medicine specialists. A large amount of people also uses the TCM preparations as a part of self-medication, as a wide offer of TCM can be found on internet. However, it must be kept in mind that the natural sources are narrow. Some plant and animal species are endangered of dying out mainly because of rising international trade which concerns them. Therefore there is an urgent need to regulate this large international trade and not let to exterminate some plant and animal species. This is the main task of the international organization CITES, which very thoroughly and effectively controls the trade with endangered species, which are registered according to the degree of threat in attachments I, II and III of the CITES agreement. Obviously also the import to EU and the Czech Republic is regulated and under control. From all the companies, which offer the TCM preparations on the Czech web sites, which are mentioned in this assignment, only the Tcmbohemia company (www.tcmbohemia.cz) offers two products which contain plant-ingredients protected by CITES. These are 039 - called "větrem zbořený altán", which contains rhizome of a plant Gastrodia elata and...
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