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Funkční poruchy pohybového aparátu u žen s makromastií
ČIŽINSKÁ, Aneta
In my bachelor thesis, I dealt with how the weight of excess breast mass affects the locomotor system and how we can use physiotherapy to influence these changes and functional disorders. The aim of this thesis was to identify the most common functional disorders affecting women with macromastia and then to establish a short - and long-term rehabilitation plan. I conducted a research of available literature on the subject and made an educational booklet. In the theoretical part of this thesis I deal with the definition and clinical difficulties associated with macromastia. I then describe the anatomy of the breast itself and the functional anatomy of the chest area and shoulder girdle, followed by a definition of the posture itself. Finally, I describe the functional and muscular disorders. In the practical part I work with three women who suffer from functional disorders and pain due to macromastia. We started with an initial kinesiological analysis which included medical history, basic examination in the form of aspect, palpation, range measurement, centre of gravity mapping, testing for muscle shortening, muscle imbalances, postural stability and breathing pattern. Subsequently, I set up an individual short-term rehabilitation plan, which took place over a period of two months in the form of therapy and an assigned exercise unit. At the end, we performed an output kinesiological analysis and an objective and subjective evaluation of the entire process. A long-term rehabilitation plan was then set and an educational booklet was handed over. My work has shown that in women with macromastia, forward shift of the centre of gravity is dominant and as a consequence the lumbar spine is strained and the paravertebral muscles are overloaded. Another issue was the protraction posture of the shoulders, which are pulled by the thoracic fascia and muscles into internal rotation. All probands showed improvement during the study, but this improvement was in different areas for each individual proband.
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