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The possibilities for mire restoration from soil seed bank: The extinct mire near the fishpond Příbrazský rybník
ČÍŽKOVÁ, Eva
As a result of the increasing demands of human society, natural habitats are being used, disturbed and destroyed. Human activities also significantly affect peatland habitats, which leads to their loss, as a reasult of which these habitats are endangered in many European countries, including the Czech Republic. The loss of peatlands is evident both locally and globally, so in recent decades increasing efforts to restore these habitats. The soil seed bank, which was produced before their disturbance, can be used to restore the species composition of degraded habitats. However, in this way it is possible to restore only those plant species that produce a persistent seed bank in the soil. Furthermore, it is necessary to realize that the soil seed bank is very heterogeneous, both in the number of viable seeds and the number of species. In this diploma thesis, the soil seed bank from extinct peatland habitat, which is located by the Příbrazský pond in southern Bohemia, was examined in ex-situ conditions. The subject of the research was mainly the species composition of plants grown from the soil seed bank, which was taken at different places in the locality and at different depths of the soil horizon. From the examined soil seed bank of the extinct peatland habitat, 54 species of plants grew, thereof 13 of them are evaluated as endangered or near threatened in the Czech Republic, which means that the soil seed bank is able to increase the species richness of the locality. Examining the soil composition of the soil bank, which was taken at different depths of the soil horizon, it turned out that the numbers of individuals and species able to germinate from the soil seed bank gradually decrease since the extinction of the peatland habitat, so it is more advisable to use a not too old soil seed bank in the upper layer of the soil horizon. Furthermore, it was found that the species composition of the soil seed bank is dissimilar in different places of the site, which suggests that it is advisable to restore the extinct habitat at a place whose soil seed bank contains the target plant species.
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Possibilities of restoration of endangered wetland biotopes from soil seed bank on example of salt marches
ČÍŽKOVÁ, Eva
Over the past few decades, natural habitats have been massively disrupted and disappeared, resulting in a decline or disappearance of plant species limited to these habitats, thereby the species richness of the area is reducing. However, some plant species produce seeds that retain germination in the soil for a long period of time, so the seed bank may contain species that are no longer situated here or only in a very limited amount in the locality, and therefore the soil seed bank may theoretically be a source of these species and can be used in the restoration of species composition in the locality. In this bachelor´s thesis, a soil seed bank from the largest inland salt marsh in the Czech Republic, located at the southwestern edge of the Nesyt pond in South Moravia, was examined in ex-situ conditions. The subject of the research was mainly the number of individuals of each species germinated from the seed bank. At the same time, it was tested whether the different water level in the substrate affects the abundance of species and species composition of the plants grown from the seed bank. From the soil seed bank of the salt marsh habitat has grown 44 taxa, of which 18 of these taxa are classified as endangered or rare in the Czech Republic. Altogether 1233 individuals of plants were noticed, most of them have been classified as Plantago uliginosa and Juncus compressus, whose individuals constituted more than half of the total number of individuals, while the number of individuals of other taxa ranged from 1 to 10 individuals. Testing the effect of water level on species abundance and species composition showed that more plant species germinated under conditions where the water level was below substrate level than under conditions where the substrate was permanently wetted to flooded.
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Use of waste material at nursery school during art and creative activities
ČÍŽKOVÁ, Eva
This work deals with art and creative activities with the use of natural and waste material in pre-school. It refers to materials which can be used and worked with in pre-school. The work consists of two parts: theoretical and practical. The first part is focused on the questions concerning development of pre-school children and their ability to manipulate and work with waste materials. The activities are incorporated in the school curriculum. The following overview characterizes particular kinds of waste materials and their further use. The practical part lists art ideas of how to use waste materials in pre-school. All activities have been performed in a single class pre-school and adapted to the level of children´s ability of all age categories.
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Subdeprivation and its consequences for a school development of the child
ČÍŽKOVÁ, Eva
Dissertation serves for a cognition of a syndrom called psychological deprivation and subdeprivation. The theoretical part is used as defining specification the basic terms referring to the psychological deprivation, its characteristics and its manifestation. Part of the dissertation is also devoted to the subject of a substitute family case and children?s home as well. The practical part deals with the concrete research. There are two groups compared here ( children from the children?s home and children from functioning families ). These groups are mutually compared and evatuated on the basis of results achieved in a research of Prof. Matějček.
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